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Influence of Contextual Variables in the Changes of Direction and Centripetal Force Generated during an Elite-Level Soccer Team Season

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  • Paulino Granero-Gil

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, International Excellence Campus “Mare Nostrum”, Sport Science Faculty, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain
    Fitness Coach of PFC CSKA Moscow and Russian Football Union, 125252 Moscow, Russia)

  • Alejandro Bastida-Castillo

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, International Excellence Campus “Mare Nostrum”, Sport Science Faculty, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain)

  • Daniel Rojas-Valverde

    (Centre of Research and Diagnosis in Health and Sport (CIDISAD), School of Human Movement Science and Quality of Life, National University of Costa Rica, Heredia 86-3000, Costa Rica
    Updates for Sport Training and Physical Conditioning Research Group (GAEDAF), Sport Science Faculty, University of Extremadura, 10005 Caceres, Spain)

  • Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona

    (Optimization of Training and Sport Performance Research Group (GOERD), Department of Didactics of Plastic, Music and Body Expression, Sport Science Faculty University of Extremadura, 10005 Caceres, Spain)

  • Ernesto de la Cruz Sánchez

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, International Excellence Campus “Mare Nostrum”, Sport Science Faculty, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain)

  • José Pino-Ortega

    (Department of Physical Activity and Sport, International Excellence Campus “Mare Nostrum”, Sport Science Faculty, University of Murcia, 30720 San Javier, Murcia, Spain)

Abstract

The study of the contextual variables that affect soccer performance is important to be able to reproduce the competition context during the training sessions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of match outcome as related to goal difference (large win, >2 goals, LW; narrow win, 1–2 goals, NW; drawing, D; narrow loss, 1–2 goals, NL; or large loss, >2 goals, LL), match location (home, H; away, A; neutral, N), type of competition (international, INT; national, NAT; friendly, F), phase of the season (summer preseason, SPS; in-season 1, IS1; winter preseason, WPS; in-season 2), and the field surface (natural grass, NG; artificial turf, TF) on the change of direction (COD) and centripetal force (CentF) generated during official games. Thirty male elite-level soccer players (age: 26.57 ± 5.56 years) were assessed while using WIMU PRO TM inertial devices (RealTrack Systems, Almeria, Spain) in 38 matches during the 2017–2018 season, selecting for analysis the number of COD at different intensities and the CentF, depending on the turn direction. Statistical analyses comprised a one-way ANOVA with the Bonferroni post-hoc and t -test for independent samples. The main results showed that the match outcome ( ω p 2 = 0.01–0.04; NW = D = NL > LL), match location ( ω p 2 = 0.01–0.06; A = N > H), type of competition ( ω p 2 = 0.01–0.02; INT > NAT > F), and period of the season ( ω p 2 = 0.01–0.02; SPS = IS1 = WPS > IS2) all exert some influence. No effect was found for the playing surface. Therefore, match outcome, match location, type of competition, and period of the season influence the demands of centripetal force and changes of direction. These aspects should be considered in the design of training sessions and microcycle workload planning during the season to improve competitive success.

Suggested Citation

  • Paulino Granero-Gil & Alejandro Bastida-Castillo & Daniel Rojas-Valverde & Carlos D. Gómez-Carmona & Ernesto de la Cruz Sánchez & José Pino-Ortega, 2020. "Influence of Contextual Variables in the Changes of Direction and Centripetal Force Generated during an Elite-Level Soccer Team Season," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:967-:d:316381
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shane Malone & Kieran Collins, 2016. "The physical and physiological demands of small-sided games: How important is winning or losing?," International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(2), pages 422-433, August.
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    1. Lillian Gonçalves & Filipe Manuel Clemente & Joel Ignacio Barrera & Hugo Sarmento & Francisco Tomás González-Fernández & Markel Rico-González & José María Cancela Carral, 2021. "Exploring the Determinants of Repeated-Sprint Ability in Adult Women Soccer Players," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-12, April.
    2. José M. Gamonales & Kiko León & Daniel Rojas-Valverde & Braulio Sánchez-Ureña & Jesús Muñoz-Jiménez, 2021. "Data Mining to Select Relevant Variables Influencing External and Internal Workload of Elite Blind 5-a-Side Soccer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-11, March.
    3. Gangwei Cai & Lei Xu & Weijun Gao & Yan Hong & Xiaoyu Ying & Yan Wang & Fanyue Qian, 2020. "The Positive Impacts of Exhibition-Driven Tourism on Sustainable Tourism, Economics, and Population: The Case of the Echigo–Tsumari Art Triennale in Japan," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-24, February.
    4. Tomasz Gabrys & Arkadiusz Stanula & Urszula Szmatlan-Gabrys & Michal Garnys & Luboš Charvát & Subir Gupta, 2020. "Metabolic and Cardiorespiratory Responses of Semiprofessional Football Players in Repeated Ajax Shuttle Tests and Curved Sprint Tests, and Their Relationship with Football Match Play," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, October.
    5. David Rhodes & Stephen Valassakis & Lukasz Bortnik & Richard Eaves & Damian Harper & Jill Alexander, 2021. "The Effect of High-Intensity Accelerations and Decelerations on Match Outcome of an Elite English League Two Football Team," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-10, September.

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