IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i3p763-d312995.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Prevalence of Suboptimal Health Status and the Relationships between Suboptimal Health Status and Lifestyle Factors among Chinese Adults Using a Multi-Level Generalized Estimating Equation Model

Author

Listed:
  • Tao Xu

    (Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China)

  • Guangjin Zhu

    (Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China)

  • Shaomei Han

    (Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China)

Abstract

This study examined the prevalence of suboptimal health among Chinese adults based on a large-scale national survey and clarified the relationship between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors. We used multi-level generalized estimating equation models to examine the relationships between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors. Of the 48,978 respondents, 34,021 reported one or more suboptimal health symptoms, giving a suboptimal health status prevalence of 69.46%. After controlling for the cluster effect of living areas and confounding effect of demographic characteristics, factors associated with suboptimal health were: current smoking (odds ratio (OR) = 1.083, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.055–1.111), drinking alcohol (OR = 1.075, 95% CI: 1.025–1.127), family history of disease (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.055–1.111), sleeping <6 h per day (OR = 1.235, 95% CI: 1.152–1.256), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.594, 95% CI: 1.515–1.676), stress (OR = 1.588, 95% CI: 1.496–1.686), negative life events (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.045–1.187), unhealthy diet choices (OR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.033–1.156), and not regularly having meals at fixed hours (OR = 1.231, 95% CI: 1.105–1.372). Respondents who exercised regularly had lower odds of having suboptimal health status (OR = 0.913, 95% CI: 0.849–0.983). Suboptimal health has become a serious public health challenge in China. The health status of the population could be effectively improved by improving lifestyle behaviors.

Suggested Citation

  • Tao Xu & Guangjin Zhu & Shaomei Han, 2020. "Prevalence of Suboptimal Health Status and the Relationships between Suboptimal Health Status and Lifestyle Factors among Chinese Adults Using a Multi-Level Generalized Estimating Equation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:763-:d:312995
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/3/763/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/3/763/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shengwei Wu & Zhengzheng Xuan & Fei Li & Wei Xiao & Xiuqiong Fu & Pingping Jiang & Jieyu Chen & Lei Xiang & Yanyan Liu & Xiaoli Nie & Ren Luo & Xiaomin Sun & Hiuyee Kwan & Xiaoshan Zhao, 2016. "Work-Recreation Balance, Health-Promoting Lifestyles and Suboptimal Health Status in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Jieyu Chen & Hongjie Xiang & Pingping Jiang & Lin Yu & Yuan Jing & Fei Li & Shengwei Wu & Xiuqiong Fu & Yanyan Liu & Hiuyee Kwan & Ren Luo & Xiaoshan Zhao & Xiaomin Sun, 2017. "The Role of Healthy Lifestyle in the Implementation of Regressing Suboptimal Health Status among College Students in China: A Nested Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Tao Xu & Junting Liu & Guangjin Zhu & Shaomei Han, 2020. "Prevalence and Associated Lifestyle Factors of Suboptimal Health Status among Chinese Children Using a Multi-Level Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Feilong Chen & Li Yuan & Tao Xu & Junting Liu & Shaomei Han, 2022. "Association of Hyperuricemia with 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Chinese Adults and Elders," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-11, May.
    3. Qinliang Liu & Xiaojing Li, 2021. "The Interactions of Media Use, Obesity, and Suboptimal Health Status: A Nationwide Time-Trend Study in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Feilong Chen & Junting Liu & Shaomei Han & Tao Xu, 2022. "Association between 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chinese People with Normal to Slightly Reduced Kidney Function: A Cross-Sectional St," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-11, December.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Eun-Ju Lim & Eun-Jung Hyun, 2021. "The Impacts of Pilates and Yoga on Health-Promoting Behaviors and Subjective Health Status," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-23, April.
    2. Khalid A. Bin Abdulrahman & Ahmad M. Khalaf & Fahad B. Bin Abbas & Omran T. Alanezi, 2021. "The Lifestyle of Saudi Medical Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-11, July.
    3. Jingfeng Yuan & Wen Yi & Mengyi Miao & Lei Zhang, 2018. "Evaluating the Impacts of Health, Social Network and Capital on Craft Efficiency and Productivity: A Case Study of Construction Workers in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-25, February.
    4. Miloš Ilić & Huiwen Pang & Tomislav Vlaški & Maja Grujičić & Budimka Novaković, 2022. "Motives and Barriers for Regular Physical Activity among Medical Students from the Western Balkans (South-East Europe Region)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-21, December.
    5. Maja Grujičić & Miloš Ilić & Budimka Novaković & Aleksandra Vrkatić & Zagorka Lozanov-Crvenković, 2022. "Prevalence and Associated Factors of Physical Activity among Medical Students from the Western Balkans," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-16, June.
    6. Julia Burlaka & Renee M. Johnson & Christina N. Marsack-Topolewski & Kathryn Hughesdon & Jill Owczarzak & Oleksii Serdiuk & Roman Bogdanov & Viktor Burlaka, 2024. "Association between Current Substance Use, Healthy Behaviors, and Depression among Ukrainian College Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 21(5), pages 1-11, May.
    7. Qinliang Liu & Xiaojing Li, 2021. "The Interactions of Media Use, Obesity, and Suboptimal Health Status: A Nationwide Time-Trend Study in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:763-:d:312995. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.