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Prevalence of Suboptimal Health Status and the Relationships between Suboptimal Health Status and Lifestyle Factors among Chinese Adults Using a Multi-Level Generalized Estimating Equation Model

Author

Listed:
  • Tao Xu

    (Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China)

  • Guangjin Zhu

    (Department of Physiopathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China)

  • Shaomei Han

    (Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China)

Abstract

This study examined the prevalence of suboptimal health among Chinese adults based on a large-scale national survey and clarified the relationship between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors. We used multi-level generalized estimating equation models to examine the relationships between suboptimal health and lifestyle factors. Of the 48,978 respondents, 34,021 reported one or more suboptimal health symptoms, giving a suboptimal health status prevalence of 69.46%. After controlling for the cluster effect of living areas and confounding effect of demographic characteristics, factors associated with suboptimal health were: current smoking (odds ratio (OR) = 1.083, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.055–1.111), drinking alcohol (OR = 1.075, 95% CI: 1.025–1.127), family history of disease (OR = 1.203, 95% CI: 1.055–1.111), sleeping <6 h per day (OR = 1.235, 95% CI: 1.152–1.256), poor sleep quality (OR = 1.594, 95% CI: 1.515–1.676), stress (OR = 1.588, 95% CI: 1.496–1.686), negative life events (OR = 1.114, 95% CI: 1.045–1.187), unhealthy diet choices (OR = 1.093, 95% CI: 1.033–1.156), and not regularly having meals at fixed hours (OR = 1.231, 95% CI: 1.105–1.372). Respondents who exercised regularly had lower odds of having suboptimal health status (OR = 0.913, 95% CI: 0.849–0.983). Suboptimal health has become a serious public health challenge in China. The health status of the population could be effectively improved by improving lifestyle behaviors.

Suggested Citation

  • Tao Xu & Guangjin Zhu & Shaomei Han, 2020. "Prevalence of Suboptimal Health Status and the Relationships between Suboptimal Health Status and Lifestyle Factors among Chinese Adults Using a Multi-Level Generalized Estimating Equation Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-15, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:3:p:763-:d:312995
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shengwei Wu & Zhengzheng Xuan & Fei Li & Wei Xiao & Xiuqiong Fu & Pingping Jiang & Jieyu Chen & Lei Xiang & Yanyan Liu & Xiaoli Nie & Ren Luo & Xiaomin Sun & Hiuyee Kwan & Xiaoshan Zhao, 2016. "Work-Recreation Balance, Health-Promoting Lifestyles and Suboptimal Health Status in Southern China: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Jieyu Chen & Hongjie Xiang & Pingping Jiang & Lin Yu & Yuan Jing & Fei Li & Shengwei Wu & Xiuqiong Fu & Yanyan Liu & Hiuyee Kwan & Ren Luo & Xiaoshan Zhao & Xiaomin Sun, 2017. "The Role of Healthy Lifestyle in the Implementation of Regressing Suboptimal Health Status among College Students in China: A Nested Case-Control Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tao Xu & Junting Liu & Guangjin Zhu & Shaomei Han, 2020. "Prevalence and Associated Lifestyle Factors of Suboptimal Health Status among Chinese Children Using a Multi-Level Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Feilong Chen & Li Yuan & Tao Xu & Junting Liu & Shaomei Han, 2022. "Association of Hyperuricemia with 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk among Chinese Adults and Elders," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-11, May.
    3. Qinliang Liu & Xiaojing Li, 2021. "The Interactions of Media Use, Obesity, and Suboptimal Health Status: A Nationwide Time-Trend Study in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Feilong Chen & Junting Liu & Shaomei Han & Tao Xu, 2022. "Association between 10-Year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chinese People with Normal to Slightly Reduced Kidney Function: A Cross-Sectional St," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-11, December.

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