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Gender Effect on Political Leaders’ Nonverbal Communicative Structure during the COVID-19 Crisis

Author

Listed:
  • Tsfira Grebelsky-Lichtman

    (Department of Communication and The Program of Conflict Research, Management and Resolution, The Hebrew University, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
    Department of Education, Ono Academic College, 55000 Kiryat Ono, Israel)

  • Roy Katz

    (Department of Communication and The Program of Conflict Research, Management and Resolution, The Hebrew University, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel)

Abstract

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been intense interest in political leaders’ nonverbal communicative structures (NCS) during televised appearances. This study analyzes the effect of gender on leaders’ NCS and presents theoretical and analytical frameworks of gendered NCS. We analyzed 20 televised appearances by 10 heads of state (five males and five females) from democratic Western countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed that gender had a significant effect on leaders’ NCS, indicating that leaders presented NCS that corresponded to their gender. Male leaders’ masculine NCS included competition, warning, threatening, and scaring behavior, broad proxemics, tension leakage, and illustrative gestures, while female leaders presented feminine NCS of cooperativeness, emotional communication, empathy, optimism, eye contact, and flexible expressions. Furthermore, the effect of gender on leaders’ NCS had an interaction effect with the situation of the pandemic, indicating that countries with a female leader had fewer diseased and severe cases and more calmness and healing NCS. The conclusions present theoretical and analytical frameworks that explain the central effect of gender on contemporary leaders’ NCS. This study develops advanced distinctive profiles for male versus female leaders’ NCS of emotions, cognition, and behavior during a crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Tsfira Grebelsky-Lichtman & Roy Katz, 2020. "Gender Effect on Political Leaders’ Nonverbal Communicative Structure during the COVID-19 Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-14, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:7789-:d:434133
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dumitrescu, Delia & Gidengil, Elisabeth & Stolle, Dietlind, 2015. "Candidate Confidence and Electoral Appeal: An Experimental Study of the Effect of Nonverbal Confidence on Voter Evaluations," Political Science Research and Methods, Cambridge University Press, vol. 3(1), pages 43-52, January.
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