IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i21p7765-d433801.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Validity and Reliability of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for Family Caregivers of Children with Cancer

Author

Listed:
  • Filiberto Toledano-Toledano

    (Research Unit in Evidence-Based Medicine, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez National Institute of Health, Dr. Márquez 162, Doctores, Cuauhtémoc, México City 06720, Mexico)

  • José Moral de la Rubia

    (Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Dr. Carlos Canseco, 110, Esq. Dr. Aguirre Pequeño, Col. Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Mexico)

  • Miriam Teresa Domínguez-Guedea

    (Department of Psychology and Communication Sciences, University of Sonora, Blvd. Luis Encinas y Rosales, Col. Centro S/N Hermosillo, Sonora 83000, Mexico)

  • Laura A. Nabors

    (School of Human Services, College of Education, Criminal Justice and Human Services, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0068, USA)

  • Blanca E. Barcelata-Eguiarte

    (Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Calz, Ignacio Zaragoza, Col. Ejército de Oriente, Mexico City 09230, Mexico)

  • Eduardo Rocha-Pérez

    (Servicio Nacional de Sanidad, Inocuidad y Calidad Agroalimentaria (Senasica), Anillo Perif, 5010, Insurgentes Cuicuilco, Coyoacán, Mexico City 04530, Mexico)

  • David Luna

    (Comisión Nacional de Arbitraje Médico, Mitla No. 250-8° Piso, esq. Eje 5 Sur (Eugenia), Vertiz Narvarte, Benito Juárez, Mexico City 03020, Mexico)

  • Ahidée Leyva-López

    (Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico)

  • Leonor Rivera-Rivera

    (Centro de Investigación en Salud Poblacional, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Av. Universidad No. 655 Col. Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62100, Mexico)

Abstract

Currently, information about the psychometric properties of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) in family caregivers of children with cancer is not available; thus, there is no empirical evidence of its validity and reliability to support its use in this population in Mexico or in other countries. This study examined the psychometric properties of the BAI in family caregivers of children with cancer and pursued four objectives: to determine the factor structure of the BAI, estimate its internal consistency reliability, describe the distribution of BAI scores and the level of anxiety in the sample and test its concurrent validity in relation to depression and resilience. This cross-sectional study was carried out with convenience sampling. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the BAI, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Measurement Scale of Resilience were administered to an incidental sample of 445 family caregivers of children with cancer hospitalized at the National Institute of Health in Mexico City. Confirmatory factor analysis using the maximum likelihood method was performed to determine the factor structure and exploratory factor analysis using axis factorization with oblique rotation was conducted. The two-, three- and four-factor models originally proposed for the BAI did not hold. The exploratory factor analysis showed a model of two correlated factors (physiological and emotional symptoms). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed a lack of discriminant validity between these two factors and supported a single-factor model. The internal consistency of the scale reduced to 11 items (BAI-11) was good (alpha = 0.89). The distribution of BAI-11 scores was skewed to the left. High levels of symptoms of anxiety were present in 49.4% of caregivers. The scale was positively correlated with depression and negatively correlated with resilience. These findings suggest that a reduced single-factor version of the BAI is valid for Mexican family caregivers of children with cancer.

Suggested Citation

  • Filiberto Toledano-Toledano & José Moral de la Rubia & Miriam Teresa Domínguez-Guedea & Laura A. Nabors & Blanca E. Barcelata-Eguiarte & Eduardo Rocha-Pérez & David Luna & Ahidée Leyva-López & Leonor , 2020. "Validity and Reliability of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for Family Caregivers of Children with Cancer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-24, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:7765-:d:433801
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/21/7765/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/21/7765/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dennis J. Downey & Matt L. Huffman, 2001. "Attitudinal Polarization and Trimodal Distributions: Measurement Problems and Theoretical Implications," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 82(3), pages 494-505, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Filiberto Toledano-Toledano & José Moral de la Rubia & René Reyes Frometa & Fabiola González Betanzos & Laura Villavicencio Guzmán & Marcela Salazar García, 2020. "The Social Support Networks Scale (SSNS) for Family Caregivers of Children with Cancer: A Psychometric Evaluation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Filiberto Toledano-Toledano & David Luna & José Moral de la Rubia & Silvia Martínez Valverde & Carlos Alberto Bermúdez Morón & Marcela Salazar García & Mario José Vasquez Pauca, 2021. "Psychosocial Factors Predicting Resilience in Family Caregivers of Children with Cancer: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-13, January.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Beaton, Anthony A. & Funk, Daniel C. & Ridinger, Lynn & Jordan, Jeremy, 2011. "Sport involvement: A conceptual and empirical analysis," Sport Management Review, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 126-140, May.
    2. John H. Evans, 2002. "Have Americans' Attitudes Become More Polarized? an Update," Working Papers 40, Princeton University, School of Public and International Affairs, Center for Arts and Cultural Policy Studies..
    3. Ugur Ozdemir & Ali Ihsan Ozkes, 2014. "Measuring Public Preferential Polarization," Working Papers hal-00954497, HAL.
    4. Boris Sokolov, 2015. "ttitudinal Polarization Measurement Through (Ordered) Latent Class Analysis," HSE Working papers WP BRP 66/SOC/2015, National Research University Higher School of Economics.
    5. Francisco J. Sarabia-Sanchez & Maria J. Cerda-Bertomeu, 2017. "Place brand developers’ perceptions of brand identity, brand architecture and neutrality in place brand development," Place Branding and Public Diplomacy, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 13(1), pages 51-64, February.
    6. Rachel Sullivan, 2005. "The age pattern of first-birth rates among U.S. women: The bimodal 1990s," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(2), pages 259-273, May.
    7. repec:pri:cpanda:wp24%20-%20evans is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Jae Lee, 2015. "Assessing Mass Opinion Polarization in the US Using Relative Distribution Method," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 124(2), pages 571-598, November.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:7765-:d:433801. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.