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Dextromethorphan Attenuates Sensorineural Hearing Loss in an Animal Model and Population-Based Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Hsin-Chien Chen

    (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Chih-Hung Wang

    (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
    Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Wu-Chien Chien

    (School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
    Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Chi-Hsiang Chung

    (School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
    Department of Medical Research, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Cheng-Ping Shih

    (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Yi-Chun Lin

    (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
    Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • I-Hsun Li

    (Department of Pharmacy Practice, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
    School of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Yuan-Yung Lin

    (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan
    Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

  • Chao-Yin Kuo

    (Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan)

Abstract

The effect of dextromethorphan (DXM) use in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) has not been fully examined. We conducted an animal model and nationwide retrospective matched-cohort study to explore the association between DXM use and SNHL. Eight-week-old CBA/CaJ hearing loss was induced by a white noise 118 dB sound pressure level for 3 h. DXM (30 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 5 days and boost once round window DXM socking. In population-based study, we examined the medical records over 40 years old in Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2015 to establish retrospective matched-cohort to explore the correlation between DXM use and SNHL. Using click auditory brainstem response (ABR), hearing threshold was measured as 48.6 ± 2.9 dB in control mice compared with 42.6 ± 7.0 dB in DXM mice, which differed significantly ( p = 0.002) on day 60 after noise exposure with a larger ABR wave I amplitude in DXM mice. In human study, we used a Cox regression hazard model to indicate that a significantly lower percentage individuals developed SNHL compared with and without DXM use (0.44%, 175/39,895 vs. 1.05%, 1675/159,580, p < 0.001). After adjustment for age and other variables [adjusted hazard ratio: 0.725 (95% confidence interval: 0.624–0.803, p < 0.001)], this study also demonstrated that DXM use appeared to reduce the risk of developing SNHL. This animal study demonstrated that DXM significantly attenuated noise-induced hearing loss. In human study, DXM use may have a protective effect against SNHL.

Suggested Citation

  • Hsin-Chien Chen & Chih-Hung Wang & Wu-Chien Chien & Chi-Hsiang Chung & Cheng-Ping Shih & Yi-Chun Lin & I-Hsun Li & Yuan-Yung Lin & Chao-Yin Kuo, 2020. "Dextromethorphan Attenuates Sensorineural Hearing Loss in an Animal Model and Population-Based Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6336-:d:406541
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