IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i17p6220-d404814.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

New-Generation Washing Agents in Remediation of Metal-Polluted Soils and Methods for Washing Effluent Treatment: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Zygmunt M. Gusiatin

    (Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Dorota Kulikowska

    (Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

  • Barbara Klik

    (Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Faculty of Geoengineering, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland)

Abstract

Soil quality is seriously reduced due to chemical pollution, including heavy metal (HM) pollution. To meet quality standards, polluted soils must be remediated. Soil washing/soil flushing offers efficient removal of heavy metals and decreases environmental risk in polluted areas. These goals can be obtained by using proper washing agents to remove HMs from soil. These washing agents should not pose unacceptable threats to humans and ecosystems, including soil composition. Currently, it is desirable to use more environmentally and economically attractive washing agents instead of synthetic, environmentally problematic chemicals (e.g., ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)). The usefulness of novel washing agents for treatment of heavy metal-contaminated soils is being intensively developed, in terms of the efficiency of HM removal and properties of washed soils. Despite the unquestionable effectiveness of soil washing/flushing, it should be remembered that both methods generate secondary fluid waste (spent washing solution), and the final stage of the process should be treatment of the contaminated spent washing solution. This paper reviews information on soil contamination with heavy metals. This review examines the principles and status of soil washing and soil flushing. The novel contribution of this review is a presentation of the sources and characteristics of novel washing agents and chemical substitutes for EDTA, with their potential for heavy metal removal. Methods for treating spent washing solution are discussed separately.

Suggested Citation

  • Zygmunt M. Gusiatin & Dorota Kulikowska & Barbara Klik, 2020. "New-Generation Washing Agents in Remediation of Metal-Polluted Soils and Methods for Washing Effluent Treatment: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6220-:d:404814
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6220/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/17/6220/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zygmunt Mariusz Gusiatin & Jurate Kumpiene & Ivan Carabante & Maja Radziemska & Martin Brtnicky, 2021. "Remediation of Smelter Contaminated Soil by Sequential Washing Using Biosurfactants," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-21, December.
    2. Haomin Lei & Xin Xu & Xiaofeng Liu & Junboum Park & Zhongyu Yu & Hao Liu, 2022. "Red Mud-Amended Soil as Highly Adsorptive Hybrid-Fill Materials for Controlling Heavy Metal Sewage Seepage in Industrial Zone," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Mariusz Z. Gusiatin & Sylwia Pasieczna-Patkowska & Magdaléna Bálintová & Marcin Kuśmierz, 2023. "Treatment of Wastewater from Soil Washing with Soluble Humic Substances Using Biochars and Activated Carbon," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-31, May.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:17:p:6220-:d:404814. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.