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Efficiency of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn Removal from Karst Water by Eichhornia crassipes

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  • Jin-Mei Zhou

    (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
    Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
    Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guilin 541004, China
    Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA)

  • Zhong-Cheng Jiang

    (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
    Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guilin 541004, China
    Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guilin 541004, China)

  • Xiao-Qun Qin

    (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
    Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guilin 541004, China)

  • Lian-Kai Zhang

    (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China
    Key Laboratory of Karst Ecosystem and Treatment of Rocky Desertification, Ministry of Natural Resources, Guilin 541004, China)

  • Qi-Bo Huang

    (Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, China)

  • Guang-Li Xu

    (Faculty of Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)

  • Dionysios D. Dionysiou

    (Environmental Engineering and Science Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering (ChEE), University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA)

Abstract

This study experimentally investigated heavy metal removal and accumulation in the aquatic plant Eichhornia crassipes . Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn concentrations, plant morphology, and plant functional groups were analyzed. Eichhornia crassipes achieved high removal efficiency of Pb and Mn from karst water (over 79.5%), with high proportion of Pb, Zn, and Cd absorption occurring in the first eight days. The highest removal efficiencies were obtained at initial Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn concentrations of 1 mg/L, 2 mg/L, 0.02 mg/L, and 0.2 mg/L, respectively. Eichhornia crassipes exhibited a high bioconcentration factor (Mn = 199,567 > Pb = 19,605 > Cd = 3403 > Zn = 1913) and a low translocation factor (<1). The roots accumulated more Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn than the stolons and leaves due to the stronger tolerance of roots. The voids, stomas, air chambers, and airways promoted this accumulation. Pb, Cd, Zn, and Mn likely exchanged with Mg, Na, and K through the cation exchange. C≡C, C=O, SO 4 2− , O-H, C-H, and C-O played different roles during uptake, which led to different removal and accumulation effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Jin-Mei Zhou & Zhong-Cheng Jiang & Xiao-Qun Qin & Lian-Kai Zhang & Qi-Bo Huang & Guang-Li Xu & Dionysios D. Dionysiou, 2020. "Efficiency of Pb, Zn, Cd, and Mn Removal from Karst Water by Eichhornia crassipes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-15, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:15:p:5329-:d:389961
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jin-mei Zhou & Zhong-cheng Jiang & Xiao-qun Qin & Lian-kai Zhang & Qi-bo Huang & Guang-li Xu, 2020. "Effects and Mechanisms of Calcium Ion Addition on Lead Removal from Water by Eichhornia crassipes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-15, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hui Wun Tan & Yean Ling Pang & Steven Lim & Woon Chan Chong & Chin Wei Lai & Ahmad Zuhairi Abdullah, 2023. "Exploring the Potential of Utilizing Aquatic Macrophytes for Enhanced Phytoremediation of Zinc in Artificial Wastewater: Characteristics and Parameter Studies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-22, October.

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