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Driving Accidents, Driving Violations, Symptoms of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Attentional Network Tasks

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  • Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani

    (Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran)

  • Zahra Fathirezaie

    (Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran)

  • Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani

    (Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran)

  • Georgian Badicu

    (Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Braşov, Romania)

  • Safyeh Ebrahimi

    (Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran)

  • Robert Wilhelm Grosz

    (Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Braşov, Romania)

  • Dena Sadeghi Bahmani

    (Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Adult Psychiatric Clinics (UPKE), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Substance Use Prevention Research Center and Sleep Disorder Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67198511115, Iran
    Departments of Physical Therapy, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35209, USA)

  • Serge Brand

    (Center for Affective, Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS), Adult Psychiatric Clinics (UPKE), University of Basel, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
    Substance Use Prevention Research Center and Sleep Disorder Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences (KUMS), Kermanshah 67198511115, Iran
    Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, Division of Sport Science, University of Basel, 4052 Basel, Switzerland
    School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran)

Abstract

Background: Iran has serious problems with traffic-related injuries and death. A major reason for traffic accidents is cognitive failure due to deficits in attention. In this study, we investigated the associations between traffic violations, traffic accidents, symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), age, and on an attentional network task in a sample of Iranian adults. Methods: A total of 274 participants (mean age: 31.37 years; 80.7% males) completed questionnaires covering demographic information, driving violations, traffic accidents, and symptoms of ADHD. In addition, they underwent an objective attentional network task (ANT), based on Posner’s concept of attentional networks. Results: More frequent traffic violations, correlated with lower age and poorer performance on the attentional network tasks. Higher symptoms of ADHD were associated with more accidents and more traffic violations, but not with the performance of the attentional tasks. Higher ADHD scores, a poorer performance on attentional network tasks, and younger age predicted traffic violations. Only higher symptoms of ADHD predicted more traffic accidents. Conclusions: In a sample of Iranian drivers, self-rated symptoms of ADHD appeared to be associated with traffic violations and accidents, while symptoms of ADHD were unrelated to objectively assessed performance on an attentional network task. Poor attentional network performance was a significant predictor of traffic violations but not of accidents. To increase traffic safety, both symptoms of ADHD and attentional network performance appear to merit particular attention.

Suggested Citation

  • Seyed Hojjat Zamani Sani & Zahra Fathirezaie & Homayoun Sadeghi-Bazargani & Georgian Badicu & Safyeh Ebrahimi & Robert Wilhelm Grosz & Dena Sadeghi Bahmani & Serge Brand, 2020. "Driving Accidents, Driving Violations, Symptoms of Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity (ADHD) and Attentional Network Tasks," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-17, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:14:p:5238-:d:387123
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pierre Philip & Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi & Emmanuel Lagarde & Jacques Taillard & Annick Canel & Patricia Sagaspe & Stéphanie Bioulac, 2015. "Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms, Sleepiness and Accidental Risk in 36140 Regularly Registered Highway Drivers," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(9), pages 1-14, September.
    2. HeeSun Choi & Michael Geden & Jing Feng, 2017. "More visual mind wandering occurrence during visual task performance: Modality of the concurrent task affects how the mind wanders," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(12), pages 1-11, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Fanying Meng & Chun Xie & Fanghui Qiu & Jiaxian Geng & Fengrong Li, 2022. "Effects of Physical Activity Level on Attentional Networks in Young Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-15, April.

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