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Association between Diabetes and Cognitive Function among People over 45 Years Old in China: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Listed:
  • Li Zhang

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Jiao Yang

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Zhangyi Liao

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Xiaomeng Zhao

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Xuefeng Hu

    (Department of Biology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada)

  • Wenli Zhu

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Zhaofeng Zhang

    (Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
    Beijing’s Key Laboratory of Food Safety Toxicology Research and Evaluation, Beijing 100191, China)

Abstract

Objectives : The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between diabetes status including characteristics of diabetes and cognition among the middle-aged and elderly population (≥45 years) in China. Methods : A sample of 8535 people who participated in the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) from June 2011 to March 2012 was analyzed. Two cognitive domains including episodic memory and executive function were measured through questionnaires. People were classified into four groups: no diabetes, controlled diabetes, untreated diabetes, treated but uncontrolled diabetes. Weighted multiple regression model was conducted to explore the association between diabetes and cognition in full sample as well as three different age groups (45–59, 60–74, ≥75). Adjustments were made for demographics and cardiovascular risk factors. Results : After adjusting several covariates, untreated diabetes (β = −0.192, p < 0.05) was significantly associated with episodic memory. In the age group of 45–69 years, untreated diabetes (β = −0.471, p < 0.05) and HbA1c level (β = −0.074, p < 0.05) were significantly associated with episodic memory. When adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, all correlations were non-significant. Conclusion : The cross-sectional study suggests that untreated diabetes and HbA1c are the potential risk factor for cognitive impairment, and these associations are more significant in the age group of 45–59 years old. Cardiovascular factors are important mediating factors in the pathway between diabetes and cognitive impairment. More longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations.

Suggested Citation

  • Li Zhang & Jiao Yang & Zhangyi Liao & Xiaomeng Zhao & Xuefeng Hu & Wenli Zhu & Zhaofeng Zhang, 2019. "Association between Diabetes and Cognitive Function among People over 45 Years Old in China: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:7:p:1294-:d:221735
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    Cited by:

    1. Oskorouchi, Hamid R. & Sousa-Poza, Alfonso & Bloom, David E., 2024. "The long-term cognitive and schooling effects of childhood vaccinations in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C).
    2. Ella Cohn-Schwartz & Rennie Joshi & Leslie A. McClure, 2023. "The Associations of Loneliness and Social Support with Cognitive Impairment among Middle-Aged and Older Individuals with Diabetes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-10, January.
    3. Zhihao Jia & Yan Gao & Liangyu Zhao & Suyue Han, 2022. "Longitudinal Relationship between Cognitive Function and Health-Related Quality of Life among Middle-Aged and Older Patients with Diabetes in China: Digital Usage Behavior Differences," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-13, September.

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