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Identifying Areas with Disproportionate Local Health Department Services Relative to Opioid Overdose, HIV and Hepatitis C Diagnosis Rates: A Study of Rural Illinois

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Listed:
  • Colleen McLuckie

    (Illinois Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL 60603, USA
    School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA)

  • Mai T. Pho

    (Illinois Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL 60603, USA
    Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA)

  • Kaitlin Ellis

    (Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA)

  • Livia Navon

    (Illinois Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL 60603, USA
    Division of State and Local Readiness, Center for Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA)

  • Kelly Walblay

    (Illinois Department of Public Health, Chicago, IL 60603, USA)

  • Wiley D. Jenkins

    (Department of Population Science and Policy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA)

  • Christofer Rodriguez

    (Department of Population Science and Policy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA)

  • Marynia A. Kolak

    (Center for Spatial Data Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA)

  • Yen-Tyng Chen

    (Section of Infectious Diseases and Global Health, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA)

  • John A. Schneider

    (Department of Public Health, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA)

  • Whitney E. Zahnd

    (Department of Population Science and Policy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL 62794, USA
    Rural and Minority Health Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA)

Abstract

Background: U.S. rural populations have been disproportionately affected by the syndemic of opioid-use disorder (OUD) and the associated increase in overdoses and risk of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Local health departments (LHDs) can play a critical role in the response to this syndemic. We utilized two geospatial approaches to identify areas of discordance between LHD service availability and disease burden to inform service prioritization in rural settings. Methods: We surveyed rural Illinois LHDs to assess their OUD-related services, and calculated county-level opioid overdose, HIV, and hepatitis C diagnosis rates. Bivariate choropleth maps were created to display LHD service provision relative to disease burden in rural Illinois counties. Results: Most rural LHDs provided limited OUD-related services, although many LHDs provided HIV and HCV testing. Bivariate mapping showed rural counties with limited OUD treatment and HIV services and with corresponding higher outcome/disease rates to be dispersed throughout Illinois. Additionally, rural counties with limited LHD-offered hepatitis C services and high hepatitis C diagnosis rates were geographically concentrated in southern Illinois. Conclusions: Bivariate mapping can enable geographic targeting of resources to address the opioid crisis and related infectious disease by identifying areas with low LHD services relative to high disease burden.

Suggested Citation

  • Colleen McLuckie & Mai T. Pho & Kaitlin Ellis & Livia Navon & Kelly Walblay & Wiley D. Jenkins & Christofer Rodriguez & Marynia A. Kolak & Yen-Tyng Chen & John A. Schneider & Whitney E. Zahnd, 2019. "Identifying Areas with Disproportionate Local Health Department Services Relative to Opioid Overdose, HIV and Hepatitis C Diagnosis Rates: A Study of Rural Illinois," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:6:p:989-:d:215204
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Keyes, K.M. & Cerdá, M. & Brady, J.E. & Havens, J.R. & Galea, S., 2014. "Understanding the rural-urban differences in nonmedical prescription opioid use and abuse in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 104(2), pages 52-59.
    2. Dubowitz, T. & Williams, M. & Steiner, E.D. & Weden, M.M. & Miyashiro, L. & Jacobson, D. & Lurie, N., 2011. "Using geographic information systems to match local health needs with public health services and programs," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 101(9), pages 1664-1665.
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    Cited by:

    1. Suzan M. Walters & Marisa Felsher & David Frank & Jessica Jaiswal & Tarlise Townsend & Brandon Muncan & Alex S. Bennett & Samuel R. Friedman & Wiley Jenkins & Mai T. Pho & Scott Fletcher & Danielle C., 2023. "I Don’t Believe a Person Has to Die When Trying to Get High: Overdose Prevention and Response Strategies in Rural Illinois," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-14, January.
    2. Lin, Qinyun & Kolak, Marynia & Watts, Beth & Anselin, Luc & Pollack, Harold & Schneider, John & Taylor, Bruce, 2022. "Individual, interpersonal, and neighborhood measures associated with opioid use stigma: Evidence from a nationally representative survey," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).

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