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Primary Cooking Fuel Choice and Respiratory Health Outcomes among Women in Charge of Household Cooking in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Cross-Sectional Study

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  • Adama Sana

    (Département de santé publique, Université Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Avenue Charles de Gaulle, Zogona, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
    Centre de Recherche en Santé Environnementale et Santé au Travail, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium)

  • Nicolas Meda

    (Département de santé publique, Université Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Avenue Charles de Gaulle, Zogona, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso)

  • Gisèle Badoum

    (Unité de Formation et de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (UFR/SDS), Université Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Avenue Charles de Gaulle, Zogona, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
    Service de pneumo-phtisiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7022, Burkina Faso)

  • Benoit Kafando

    (Département de santé publique, Université Ouaga 1 Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Avenue Charles de Gaulle, Zogona, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso)

  • Catherine Bouland

    (Centre de Recherche en Santé Environnementale et Santé au Travail, Ecole de Santé Publique, Université Libre de Bruxelles, route de Lennik 808, 1070 Brussels, Belgium)

Abstract

Background : Approximately 3 billion people, worldwide, rely primarily on biomass for cooking. This study aimed to investigate the association between respiratory symptoms among women in charge of household cooking and the type of fuel used for cooking. Methods : A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 1705 women that were randomly selected, completed the survey. We also performed a bivariate and a multivariate analysis to verify the possible associations between respiratory symptoms in women in charge of household cooking and the type of cooking fuel used. Results : Dry cough, breathing difficulties, and throat irritation frequencies were statistically high in biomass fuel users when compared to liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) users. It was also the case for some chronic respiratory symptoms, such as sputum production, shortness of breath, wheezing, wheezing with dyspnea, wheezing without a cold, waking up with shortness of breath, waking up with coughing attacks, and waking up with breathing difficulty. After adjustment for the respondents’ and households’ characteristics; dry cough, breathing difficulties, sneezing, nose tingling, throat irritation, chronic sputum production, wheezing, wheezing with dyspnea, wheezing without a cold, waking up with shortness of breath, waking up with coughing attacks, and waking up with breathing difficulty were symptoms that remained associated to biomass fuel compared to LPG. Women who used charcoal reported the highest proportion of all the chronic respiratory symptoms compared to the firewood users. However, this difference was not statistically significant except for the wheezing, waking up with coughing attacks, and waking up with breath difficulty, after adjustment. Conclusion : Exposure to biomass smoke is responsible for respiratory health problems in women. Charcoal, which is often considered as a clean fuel compared to other biomass fuels and often recommended as an alternative to firewood, also presents health risks, including increased respiratory morbidity in women. Effective and efficient energy policies are needed to accelerate the transition to clean and sustainable energies.

Suggested Citation

  • Adama Sana & Nicolas Meda & Gisèle Badoum & Benoit Kafando & Catherine Bouland, 2019. "Primary Cooking Fuel Choice and Respiratory Health Outcomes among Women in Charge of Household Cooking in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso: Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-11, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:6:p:1040-:d:216391
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Eldred Tunde Taylor & Satoshi Nakai, 2012. "Prevalence of Acute Respiratory Infections in Women and Children in Western Sierra Leone due to Smoke from Wood and Charcoal Stoves," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(6), pages 1-14, June.
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    1. Célia Alves & Ana Vicente & Ana Rita Oliveira & Carla Candeias & Estela Vicente & Teresa Nunes & Mário Cerqueira & Margarita Evtyugina & Fernando Rocha & Susana Marta Almeida, 2020. "Fine Particulate Matter and Gaseous Compounds in Kitchens and Outdoor Air of Different Dwellings," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-19, July.
    2. Katherine E. Woolley & Tusubira Bagambe & Ajit Singh & William R. Avis & Telesphore Kabera & Abel Weldetinsae & Shelton T. Mariga & Bruce Kirenga & Francis D. Pope & G. Neil Thomas & Suzanne E. Bartin, 2020. "Investigating the Association between Wood and Charcoal Domestic Cooking, Respiratory Symptoms and Acute Respiratory Infections among Children Aged Under 5 Years in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Analysis ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-14, June.
    3. Zhang, Lingyue & Li, Hui & Chen, Tianqi & Liao, Hua, 2022. "Health effects of cooking fuel transition: A dynamic perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    4. Katherine E. Woolley & Suzanne E. Bartington & Telesphore Kabera & Xiang-Qian Lao & Francis D. Pope & Sheila M. Greenfield & Malcolm J. Price & G. Neil Thomas, 2021. "Comparison of Respiratory Health Impacts Associated with Wood and Charcoal Biomass Fuels: A Population-Based Analysis of 475,000 Children from 30 Low- and Middle-Income Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-18, September.

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