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Chronic Kidney Disease: The Complex History of the Organization of Long-Term Care and Bioethics. Why Now, More Than Ever, Action is Needed

Author

Listed:
  • Elisabetta Versino

    (Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy)

  • Giorgina Barbara Piccoli

    (Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
    Nephrology, Centre Hospitalier Le Mans, 72000 Le Mans, France)

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been redefined in the new millennium as any alteration of kidney morphology, function, blood, or urine composition lasting for at least 3 months. This broad definition also encompasses diseases or conditions that are associated with normal kidney function, such as a kidney scarring from an acute pyelonephritis episode or a single kidney, as a result of kidney donation. CKD is a relevant public health problem. According to the 2015 Global Burden of Disease Study, it was the 12th leading cause of death, leading to 1.1 million deaths, worldwide, each year. The role of CKD as a cause of death is evident where renal replacement therapy (RRT) is not available, however, its role in increasing death risk is not easily calculated. RRT consumes about 3–5% of the global healthcare budget where dialysis is available without restrictions. While the prevalence of CKD is increasing overall as lifespans extend, being linked to diabetes, hypertension, obesity, and atherosclerosis, CKD is at least partly preventable and its effects may be at least partly counterbalanced by early and appropriate care. We will welcome papers on all aspects of CKD, including organization, cost, and models of care. Papers from developing countries will be particularly welcomed.

Suggested Citation

  • Elisabetta Versino & Giorgina Barbara Piccoli, 2019. "Chronic Kidney Disease: The Complex History of the Organization of Long-Term Care and Bioethics. Why Now, More Than Ever, Action is Needed," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-5, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:5:p:785-:d:210815
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    Cited by:

    1. Andong Ji & Chunlei Pan & Hongxia Wang & Zhezhen Jin & Joseph H. Lee & Qincheng Wu & Qixiao Jiang & Lianhua Cui, 2019. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in an Elderly Population from Eastern China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-15, November.

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