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Spatial Accessibility to Healthcare Services in Metropolitan Suburbs: The Case of Qingpu, Shanghai

Author

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  • Xiaokun Gu

    (China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
    School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China)

  • Lufa Zhang

    (China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
    School of International and Public Affairs, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China)

  • Siyuan Tao

    (Shanghai Tong Ce Planning Design Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200023, China)

  • Boming Xie

    (China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China)

Abstract

Spatial accessibility is an important factor for planning healthcare services to maintain a quality life for the metropolitan area. The metropolitan suburb is a special area for its location and rapidly changing population during urbanization. Taking Qingpu district, a suburb of Shanghai as a case, this study evaluated the spatial accessibility to healthcare services of 203 villages and neighborhoods based on the Two-Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) method by ArcGIS software. The result shows that the spatial accessibility in the whole district is quite uneven under lower thresholds, and the spatial differences are beyond the traditional zoning of East Qingpu, New City and West Qingpu. The worst accessibility was mainly distributed at the edges of Jinze, Liantang and Zhujiajiao, while the best accessibility was mainly distributed in the New City and the region close around it. The average value of the spatial accessibility in Qingpu is 2.84, with a reach equal under 90 min threshold by bus index of 2.85, or an under 60 min threshold by self-driving index of 2.70. Secondly, the difference shows a new pattern, that is the spatial accessibility could be affected by both the New City and the Central City. Thirdly, the transportation mode, urbanization, the density of road network and bus lines, as well as the number of doctors in each healthcare service would directly affect the spatial accessibility. Lastly, in order to improve the spatial accessibility in metropolitan suburbs, greater effort is needed in increasing the numbers of bus stations and doctors, especially the areas which are farthest from the New City or the Central City, such as Jinze, and Lian Tang town in Qingpu. We acknowledge that the public transportation is vital to the accessibility to healthcare services. We also emphasize that healthcare services should be planned based on the anticipated future trends of population agglomeration. Our results for Shanghai are applicable to other big cities that are experiencing similar rapid urbanization in China, or other developing countries in Southeast Asia, South Asia, South America and Africa.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaokun Gu & Lufa Zhang & Siyuan Tao & Boming Xie, 2019. "Spatial Accessibility to Healthcare Services in Metropolitan Suburbs: The Case of Qingpu, Shanghai," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-16, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:2:p:225-:d:197745
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. David M. Cutler & Adriana Lleras-Muney & Tom Vogl, 2008. "Socioeconomic Status and Health: Dimensions and Mechanisms," NBER Working Papers 14333, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Pan, Jay & Zhao, Hanqing & Wang, Xiuli & Shi, Xun, 2016. "Assessing spatial access to public and private hospitals in Sichuan, China: The influence of the private sector on the healthcare geography in China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 35-45.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Wei Hu & Lin Li & Mo Su, 2019. "Spatial Inequity of Multi-Level Healthcare Services in a Rapid Expanding Immigrant City of China: A Case Study of Shenzhen," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-16, September.
    3. Gu, Zongni & Luo, Xiaolong & Tang, Mi & Liu, Xiaoman, 2023. "Does the edge effect impact the healthcare equity? An examination of the equity in hospitals accessibility in the edge city in multi-scale," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
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