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Cd(II) Adsorption on Different Modified Rice Straws under FTIR Spectroscopy as Influenced by Initial pH, Cd(II) Concentration, and Ionic Strength

Author

Listed:
  • Shuai Wang

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Wanhong Li

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Xinhua Yin

    (Department of Plant Sciences, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA)

  • Nan Wang

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Shuai Yuan

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Ting Yan

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Shuang Qu

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Xiangbo Yang

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

  • Dianyuan Chen

    (College of Agriculture, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin 132101, China)

Abstract

Rice straw is a kind of low-cost biosorbent. Through mechanical crushing, pyrolysis, incineration, and citric acid (CA) modification, it could be converted to rice straw powder (Sp), biochar (Sb), ash (Sa), and modified rice straw (Ms) accordingly. Using rice straw as an adsorbent, the influence of pH value (2, 4, and 9), initial Cd(II) concentration (0, 200, and 800 mg/L), and ionic strength (0, 0.2, to 0.6 mg/L) on the adsorption capacity for Cd(II) were examined with three replicates, and the relevant mechanisms were explored using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technology. Results showed that the modifications could improve the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) by changing their chemical structures. The products (Sb and Sa) of the pyrolysis and incineration of rice straw contained fewer hydroxyl and alkyl groups, but more Si–O groups. Citric acid modification removed a portion of silica in rice straw, increased its carboxylic content, and made more –OH groups exposed. Compared with Sp, Sb, Sa, and Ms were more likely to act as π donors in the Cd(II) sorption process and exhibited more carboxyl binding. The bands of C = C, –O–CH 3 , and the O–H, carboxyl, Si–O–Si or Si–O groups were involved in the Cd(II) sorption process. The adsorption amount of Cd(II) by the four adsorbents increased with the increase in the pH value of the solution and the initial Cd(II) concentration. Affected by pH in a solution, ion exchange, surface complexation, and precipitation were the major adsorption mechanisms. Further, under the influence of the initial Cd(II) concentration, electrostatic attraction played a leading role. With no interference by ionic strength, all the adsorbents had the greatest adsorption amount of Cd(II), and the intensity of O–H vibration was also the weakest; ion exchange was the most important mechanism in this process. Regardless of the influencing factors, Sa, with the greatest specific surface area, had an absolute advantage in the adsorption capacity of Cd(II) over Sp, Sb, and Ms.

Suggested Citation

  • Shuai Wang & Wanhong Li & Xinhua Yin & Nan Wang & Shuai Yuan & Ting Yan & Shuang Qu & Xiangbo Yang & Dianyuan Chen, 2019. "Cd(II) Adsorption on Different Modified Rice Straws under FTIR Spectroscopy as Influenced by Initial pH, Cd(II) Concentration, and Ionic Strength," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-15, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:21:p:4129-:d:280545
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mengjie Wu & Hongyu Liu & Chunping Yang, 2019. "Effects of Pretreatment Methods of Wheat Straw on Adsorption of Cd(II) from Waterlogged Paddy Soil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-21, January.
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