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Contamination by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Selected Environments in Thailand

Author

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  • Visanu Thamlikitkul

    (Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand)

  • Surapee Tiengrim

    (Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

  • Narisara Thamthaweechok

    (Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand)

  • Preeyanuch Buranapakdee

    (Bureau of Environmental Health, Department of Health, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand)

  • Wilai Chiemchaisri

    (Department of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand)

Abstract

This study determined the presence of important antibiotic-resistant bacteria in selected environments in Thailand, including wastewater samples from 60 hospitals; washed fluid, leachate, flies, cockroaches, and rats collected from five open markets; washed fluid from garbage trucks; and stabilized leachate from a landfill facility. At least one type of antibiotic-resistant bacteria was isolated from all samples of influent fluid before treatment in hospitals, from wastewater treatment tank content in hospitals, and from 15% of effluent fluid samples after treatment with chlorine prior to draining it into a public water source. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were recovered from 80% of washed market fluid samples, 60% of market leachate samples, all fly samples, 80% of cockroach samples, and all samples of intestinal content of rats collected from the open markets. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria were recovered from all samples from the landfill. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and/or Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria recovered from all types of samples, followed by carbapenem-resistant E. coli and/or K. pneumoniae. Colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, carbapenem-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa , carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii , colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, vancomycin-resistant Enterococci , and methicillin-resistant S. aureus were less common. These findings suggest extensive contamination by antibiotic-resistant bacteria in hospital and community environment in Thailand.

Suggested Citation

  • Visanu Thamlikitkul & Surapee Tiengrim & Narisara Thamthaweechok & Preeyanuch Buranapakdee & Wilai Chiemchaisri, 2019. "Contamination by Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria in Selected Environments in Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:19:p:3753-:d:273658
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Rene S. Hendriksen & Patrick Munk & Patrick Njage & Bram Bunnik & Luke McNally & Oksana Lukjancenko & Timo Röder & David Nieuwenhuijse & Susanne Karlsmose Pedersen & Jette Kjeldgaard & Rolf S. Kaas & , 2019. "Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-12, December.
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