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The Association between Frailty Indicators and Blood-Based Biomarkers in Early-Old Community Dwellers of Thailand

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  • Warathit Semmarath

    (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
    Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Mathuramat Seesen

    (Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Supachai Yodkeeree

    (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
    Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Ratana Sapbamrer

    (Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Pisittawoot Ayood

    (Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Rungnapa Malasao

    (Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Penprapa Siviroj

    (Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

  • Pornngarm Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul)

    (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
    Center for Research and Development of Natural Products for Health, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand)

Abstract

Thailand has officially reached the status of an “aged society” and become the developing country with the 2nd largest proportion of senior citizens in Southeast Asia. A cross-sectional study of 526 early-old community dwellers was conducted for the Fried frailty phenotype assessment, This included five indicators: Weakness, slowness, physical activity, exhaustion, and weight loss. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), insulin-like growth factor-1, and CD4+:CD8+ Ratio which serve as blood-based biomarkers of frailty. The prevalence of frailty and pre-frail in this population was found to be 15% and 69.6% respectively and was higher among women than men. Frail ( n = 58) and non-frail ( n = 60) participants were evaluated for the associations between the frail indicators and the blood-based biomarkers. Serum levels of IL-6 and CRP from frail group were significantly elevated when compared with the non-frail counterparts ( p = 0.044 and 0.033, respectively), and were significantly associated with the frailty status with an Odd Ratio IL-6 [OR] of 1.554-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.229–1.966) and an OR CRP of 1.011-fold (95 CI, 1.006–1.016). Decreased hand-grip strength was the only frailty indicator that was significantly associated with both inflammatory biomarkers, (OR IL-6 of 1.470-fold and OR CRP of 1.008-fold). Our study is the first to assess the frailty status among the early-old population in Thailand. These findings will encourage general practitioners to combine frailty indicators and serum biomarkers as early detection tools for at-risk older adults to achieve the goal of healthy aging.

Suggested Citation

  • Warathit Semmarath & Mathuramat Seesen & Supachai Yodkeeree & Ratana Sapbamrer & Pisittawoot Ayood & Rungnapa Malasao & Penprapa Siviroj & Pornngarm Limtrakul (Dejkriengkraikul), 2019. "The Association between Frailty Indicators and Blood-Based Biomarkers in Early-Old Community Dwellers of Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(18), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:18:p:3457-:d:268086
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Payom Thinuan & Penprapa Siviroj & Peerasak Lerttrakarnnon & Thaworn Lorga, 2020. "Prevalence and Potential Predictors of Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older Persons in Northern Thailand: A Cross-Sectional Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-13, June.
    2. Mathuramat Seesen & Warathit Semmarath & Supachai Yodkeeree & Ratana Sapbamrer & Pisittawoot Ayood & Rungnapa Malasao & Krongporn Ongprasert & Jiraporn Chittrakul & Penprapa Siviroj & Pornngarm Limtra, 2020. "Combined Black Rice Germ, Bran Supplement and Exercise Intervention Modulate Aging Biomarkers and Improve Physical Performance and Lower-Body Muscle Strength Parameters in Aging Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-22, April.
    3. Uratcha Sadjapong & Supachai Yodkeeree & Somporn Sungkarat & Penprapa Siviroj, 2020. "Multicomponent Exercise Program Reduces Frailty and Inflammatory Biomarkers and Improves Physical Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-15, May.

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