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Cardiovascular Risk in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications

Author

Listed:
  • Claudio Tana

    (Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, Medicine Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University-Hospital of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy)

  • Stefano Ballestri

    (Internal Medicine Unit, Pavullo Hospital, Azienda USL, 41026 Modena, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Ricci

    (Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy
    Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lund University, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden
    Fondazione Villa Serena per la Ricerca, Viale Leonardo Petruzzi, 42-65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy)

  • Angelo Di Vincenzo

    (Fondazione Villa Serena per la Ricerca, Viale Leonardo Petruzzi, 42-65013 Città Sant’Angelo, Italy)

  • Andrea Ticinesi

    (Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, Medicine Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University-Hospital of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy)

  • Sabina Gallina

    (Institute for Advanced Biomedical Technologies, Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Maria Adele Giamberardino

    (Geriatrics Clinic, Department of Medicine and Science of Aging and Ce.S.I.-MeT, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Francesco Cipollone

    (European Center of Excellence on Hypertension, Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis and Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, “G. d’Annunzio” University, 66100 Chieti, Italy)

  • Richard Sutton

    (National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Ducane Road, London W12 0NN, UK)

  • Roberto Vettor

    (Center for the Study and the Integrated Treatment of Obesity–Department of Medicine—University of Padova, 35122 Padua, Italy)

  • Artur Fedorowski

    (Clinical Research Center, Dept, of Cardiology, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden)

  • Tiziana Meschi

    (Internal Medicine and Critical Subacute Care Unit, Medicine Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University-Hospital of Parma, 43121 Parma, Italy)

Abstract

New evidence suggests that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a strong multifaceted relationship with diabetes and metabolic syndrome, and is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, regardless of traditional risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Given the pandemic-level rise of NAFLD—in parallel with the increasing prevalence of obesity and other components of the metabolic syndrome—and its association with poor cardiovascular outcomes, the question of how to manage NAFLD properly, in order to reduce the burden of associated incident cardiovascular events, is both timely and highly relevant. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of the association between NAFLD and cardiovascular disease, and also to discuss possible clinical strategies for cardiovascular risk assessment, as well as the spectrum of available therapeutic strategies for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD and its downstream events.

Suggested Citation

  • Claudio Tana & Stefano Ballestri & Fabrizio Ricci & Angelo Di Vincenzo & Andrea Ticinesi & Sabina Gallina & Maria Adele Giamberardino & Francesco Cipollone & Richard Sutton & Roberto Vettor & Artur Fe, 2019. "Cardiovascular Risk in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-19, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:17:p:3104-:d:261147
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Salvatore Petta & Luca Valenti & Giulio Marchesini & Vito Di Marco & Anna Licata & Calogero Cammà & Maria Rosa Barcellona & Daniela Cabibi & Benedetta Donati & Anna Fracanzani & Stefania Grimaudo & Ga, 2013. "PNPLA3 GG Genotype and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(9), pages 1-9, September.
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