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Heavy Drinking and Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs among University Students: A 9-Year Follow-Up

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  • Alicia Busto Miramontes

    (Department of Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
    CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain)

  • Lucía Moure-Rodríguez

    (Department of Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
    CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain)

  • Ainara Díaz-Geada

    (Department of Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
    CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain)

  • Socorro Rodríguez-Holguín

    (Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain)

  • Montserrat Corral

    (Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain)

  • Fernando Cadaveira

    (Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain)

  • Francisco Caamaño-Isorna

    (Department of Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela 15782, Spain
    CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain)

Abstract

Purpose: Investigations suggest non-medical use of prescription drugs (NMUPD) is associated with heavy drinking and polydrug use among university students. Our aim is to determine the prevalence of NMUPD among university students and to analyze its association with alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use, and to study the role of the age of drinking onset. Methods: Cohort study among university Spanish students ( n = 1382). Heavy drinking (HED) and risky consumption (RC) were measured with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Questions related to tobacco and cannabis consumption were also formulated. NMUPD refers to sedative, anxiety, or pain medication intake within the last 15 days without medical prescription. All variables were measured at 18, 20, and 27 years. Multilevel logistic regression for repeated measures was used to obtain adjusted OR (odds ratios). We analyzed the results from a gender perspective. Results: Prevalence of NMUPD were higher in students who already partook in NMUPD at the beginning of the study. NMUPD in women at 27 is 3 times higher than at 18, while in men it is twice. Among females, RC (OR = 1.43) and cannabis consumption (OR = 1.33) are risk factors for NMUPD, while later onset of alcohol use (OR = 0.66) constitutes a protective factor. No significant differences were found for males. Conclusions: NMUPD is prevalent among university students. RC and early onset of alcohol use were associated with higher prevalence of NMUPD in females. The prevalence of NMUPD increased with age in both sexes. Strategies for reducing risky drinking and delaying onset of drinking should be provided for university students. Pharmacists and parents should be alerted to the risk of NMUPD.

Suggested Citation

  • Alicia Busto Miramontes & Lucía Moure-Rodríguez & Ainara Díaz-Geada & Socorro Rodríguez-Holguín & Montserrat Corral & Fernando Cadaveira & Francisco Caamaño-Isorna, 2019. "Heavy Drinking and Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs among University Students: A 9-Year Follow-Up," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-11, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:16:p:2939-:d:258097
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Francisco Caamaño-Isorna & Nayara Mota & Alberto Crego & Montserrat Corral & Socorro Rodríguez Holguín & Fernando Cadaveira, 2011. "Consumption of medicines, alcohol, tobacco and cannabis among university students: a 2-year follow-up," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 56(3), pages 247-252, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Alicia Busto Miramontes & Lucía Moure-Rodríguez & Narmeen Mallah & Ainara Díaz-Geada & Montserrat Corral & Fernando Cadaveira & Francisco Caamaño-Isorna, 2021. "Alcohol Consumption among Freshman College Students in Spain: Individual and Pooled Analyses of Three Cross-Sectional Surveys (2005, 2012 and 2016)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, March.
    2. Lucía Moure-Rodríguez & Francisco Caamano-Isorna, 2020. "We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-6, April.
    3. Carolina Tinajero & Fernando Cadaveira & M. Soledad Rodríguez & M. Fernanda Páramo, 2019. "Perceived Social Support from Significant Others among Binge Drinking and Polyconsuming Spanish University Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-14, November.
    4. Laura Delgado-Lobete & Rebeca Montes-Montes & Alba Vila-Paz & José-Manuel Cruz-Valiño & Berta Gándara-Gafo & Miguel-Ángel Talavera-Valverde & Sergio Santos-del-Riego, 2020. "Individual and Environmental Factors Associated with Tobacco Smoking, Alcohol Abuse and Illegal Drug Consumption in University Students: A Mediating Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-16, April.

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