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Gender Differences in Chronic Hormonal and Immunological Responses to CrossFit ®

Author

Listed:
  • Rodrigo Poderoso

    (Physical Education Department, University of Unopar, Nilópolis 36045–050, Brazil)

  • Maria Cirilo-Sousa

    (Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051–900, Brazil
    Posgraduate Program of Educação Física, University of Cariri Regional, Crato 63105–010, Brazil)

  • Adenilson Júnior

    (Federal Technology Institute of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58015–020, Brazil)

  • Jefferson Novaes

    (Gymnastics Department, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941–901, Brazil
    Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil)

  • Jeferson Vianna

    (Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil)

  • Marcelo Dias

    (Granbery Methodist College, Juiz de Fora 36015–440, Brazil)

  • Luis Leitão

    (Faculty of Physical Education Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro 36036-900, Brazil
    Superior School of Education of Polytechnic Institute of Setubal, Setúbal 2910–761, Portugal)

  • Victor Reis

    (Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, CIDESD, Vila Real 5000–103, Portugal)

  • Nacipe Neto

    (Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences of Juiz de Fora, Suprema, Juiz de Fora 36033–003, Brazil
    Division of Endocrinology, IPEMED Medical School, Rio de Janeiro 22031–060, Brazil)

  • José Vilaça-Alves

    (Sports Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto-Douro, Vila Real 5001–801, Portugal)

Abstract

This study was designed to analyze the chronical responses of the hormonal and immune systems after a CrossFit ® training period of six months as well as to compare these results between genders. Twenty-nine CrossFit ® practitioners (35.3 ± 10.4 years, 175.0 ± 9.2 cm, 79.5 ± 16.4 kg) with a minimum CrossFit ® experience of six months were recruited, and hormonal and immune responses were verified every two months during training. The training was conducted in five consecutive days during the week, followed by two resting days. Testosterone (T) values were significantly higher at the last measurement time (T6 = 346.0 ± 299.7 pg·mL −1 ) than at all the other times ( p < 0.002) and were higher in men than in women ( p < 0.001). Cortisol (C) levels were lower at all times compared to the initial level before training, and differences were observed between men and women, with men having a lower value (T0: p = 0.028; T2: p = 0.013; T4: p = 0.002; and T6: p = 0.002). The TC ratio in women was lower at all times ( p < 0.0001) than in men. Significant effects on CD8 levels at different times (F (3.81) = 7.287; p = 0.002; η p 2 = 0.213) and between genders (F (1.27) = 4.282; p = 0.048; η p 2 = 0.137), and no differences in CD4 levels were observed. CrossFit ® training changed the serum and basal levels of testosterone and cortisol in men (with an increase in testosterone and a decrease in cortisol).

Suggested Citation

  • Rodrigo Poderoso & Maria Cirilo-Sousa & Adenilson Júnior & Jefferson Novaes & Jeferson Vianna & Marcelo Dias & Luis Leitão & Victor Reis & Nacipe Neto & José Vilaça-Alves, 2019. "Gender Differences in Chronic Hormonal and Immunological Responses to CrossFit ®," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-9, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:14:p:2577-:d:249714
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Sebastian Szajkowski & Michał Dwornik & Jarosław Pasek & Grzegorz Cieślar, 2023. "Risk Factors for Injury in CrossFit ® —A Retrospective Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, January.
    2. Victor Machado Reis, 2020. "Effects of Exercise on Biomarkers in Health and Disease: Some New Insights with Special Focus on Extreme Exercise and Healthy Ageing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-5, March.
    3. Emanuela Faelli & Ambra Bisio & Roberto Codella & Vittoria Ferrando & Luisa Perasso & Marco Panascì & Daniele Saverino & Piero Ruggeri, 2020. "Acute and Chronic Catabolic Responses to CrossFit ® and Resistance Training in Young Males," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-15, September.

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