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Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights

Author

Listed:
  • Nicole Zulauf

    (Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

  • Janis Dröge

    (Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

  • Doris Klingelhöfer

    (Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

  • Markus Braun

    (Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

  • Gerhard M. Oremek

    (Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

  • David A. Groneberg

    (Institute of Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany)

Abstract

From a global viewpoint, a lot of time is spent within the indoor air compartment of vehicles. A German study on mobility has revealed that, on average, people spend 45 minutes per day inside vehicles. In recent years the number of cars has increased to around 43 million vehicles in private households. This means that more than one car can be used in every household. The ratio has been growing, especially in eastern Germany and rural areas. “Overall and especially outside the cities, the car remains by far number one mode of transport, especially in terms of mileage”. Therefore, numerous international studies have addressed different aspects of indoor air hygiene, in the past years. In this paper, meaningful original studies on car indoor air pollution, related to VOCs, COx, PMs, microbials, BFRs, OPFRs, cigarettes, electronic smoking devices, high molecular weight plasticizer, and NOx are summarized in the form of a review. This present review aimed to summarize recently published studies in this important field of environmental medicine and points to the need for further studies with special recommendations for optimizing the interior air hygiene.

Suggested Citation

  • Nicole Zulauf & Janis Dröge & Doris Klingelhöfer & Markus Braun & Gerhard M. Oremek & David A. Groneberg, 2019. "Indoor Air Pollution in Cars: An Update on Novel Insights," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-11, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:13:p:2441-:d:246853
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jianyin Xiong & Tao Yang & Jianwei Tan & Lan Li & Yunshan Ge, 2015. "Characterization of VOC Emission from Materials in Vehicular Environment at Varied Temperatures: Correlation Development and Validation," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(10), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Natasha Maria Barnes & Tsz Wai Ng & Kwok Keung Ma & Ka Man Lai, 2018. "In-Cabin Air Quality during Driving and Engine Idling in Air-Conditioned Private Vehicles in Hong Kong," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Janis Dröge & Ruth Müller & Cristian Scutaru & Markus Braun & David A. Groneberg, 2018. "Mobile Measurements of Particulate Matter in a Car Cabin: Local Variations, Contrasting Data from Mobile versus Stationary Measurements and the Effect of an Opened versus a Closed Window," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-20, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Samuele Marinello & Francesco Lolli & Antonio Maria Coruzzolo & Rita Gamberini, 2023. "Exposure to Air Pollution in Transport Microenvironments," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-32, August.
    2. Fupeng Zhang & Lei Shi & Simian Liu & Jiaqi Shi & Mengfei Cheng, 2022. "Indoor Air Quality in Tujia Dwellings in Hunan, China: Field Tests, Numerical Simulations, and Mitigation Strategies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-27, July.

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