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Suicide Trends over Time by Occupation in Korea and Their Relationship to Economic Downturns

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  • Jin-Ha Yoon

    (Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
    The Institute for Occupational Health, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea)

  • Sun Jae Jung

    (Department of Preventive Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
    Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA)

  • Jaesung Choi

    (Department of Global Economics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea)

  • Mo-Yeol Kang

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea)

Abstract

We analyzed suicide mortality by occupation using administrative data from 1993 to 2016. Methods: National death records from 1993 to 2016 of the Korea National Statistical Office (KNSO) were used. Suicidal death was taken from Korean Classification of Disease codes as intentional self-harm (X60–X84) and sequelae of intentional self-harm (Y870). Occupational groups were categorized into “Manager,” “Officer,” ”Service-Trade,” “Agricultural-Fishery-Forestry” (AFF), “Skilled Manual,” and “Unskilled Manual.” Direct standardized mortality (DSM) and standardized mortality ratio (SMR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated. Overall, suicide rates increased during economic downturns, especially among lower socio-economic occupation classes. Both DSM and SMR were highest in AFF, followed by Unskilled Manual, Service-Trade, Officer, Skilled Manual, and Manager categories among men, whereas women showed the highest DSM and SMR in AFF, followed by Service-Trade, Officer, Unskilled Manual, Manager, and Skilled Manual categories. The age-stratified analysis showed that age groups with increasing trends in suicide differed according to occupation and gender. In certain occupational groups, the time-point prevalence fluctuated with socio-economic background in suicidal mortality and differed by age and gender.

Suggested Citation

  • Jin-Ha Yoon & Sun Jae Jung & Jaesung Choi & Mo-Yeol Kang, 2019. "Suicide Trends over Time by Occupation in Korea and Their Relationship to Economic Downturns," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:11:p:2007-:d:237432
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James Crotty & Kang-Kook Lee, 2002. "Is financial liberalization good for developing nations? The case of South Korea in the 1990s," Review of Radical Political Economics, Union for Radical Political Economics, vol. 34(3), pages 327-334, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jungwon Jang & Inah Kim, 2022. "Mortality of Suicide and Cerebro-Cardiovascular Diseases by Occupation in Korea, 1997–2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-16, August.
    2. Ha Ngoc Do & Anh Tuan Nguyen & Hoa Quynh Thi Nguyen & Thanh Phuong Bui & Quy Van Nguyen & Ngan Thu Thi Tran & Long Hoang Nguyen & Hai Quang Pham & Giang Hai Ha & Chi Linh Hoang & Bach Xuan Tran & Carl, 2020. "Depressive Symptoms, Suicidal Ideation, and Mental Health Service Use of Industrial Workers: Evidence from Vietnam," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Yangwoo Kim & Jeehee Min & Soo-Jin Lee, 2019. "Suicide Overall and Suicide by Pesticide Rates among South Korean Workers: A 15-Year Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-15, December.

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    Keywords

    suicide; occupations; economics;
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