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Occurrence, Removal and Bioaccumulation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Lake Chaohu, China

Author

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  • Xu Pan

    (College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Jing Ye

    (College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Hui Zhang

    (Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Chaohu Authority, Hefei 230071, China)

  • Jun Tang

    (College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Dandan Pan

    (College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Agri-Food Safety of Anhui Province, Hefei 230036, China)

Abstract

The perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAAs) have received growing attention in recent years as emerging contaminants in the aquatic environment. The occurrence, removal and bioaccumulation of fourteen PFAAs (C4–C14 carboxylate; C4, C6, C8 sulfonates) were investigated in Lake Chaohu, China. The concentrations of the selected PFAAs in inflowing river, lake water and sewage treatment plant (STP) samples were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC–MS/MS). The results showed that perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS), perfluorobutyric acid (PFBA) and perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), instead of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), were predominant PFAAs in the inflowing river and lake water with maximum concentrations in the ranges of 52.2–1866 and 27–236 ng L −1 , respectively. The highest concentrations of total PFAAs were detected in the western rivers. The effluents from seven STPs were likely important sources of PFAAs in surface water, and the amount of the daily fluxes in the effluent were 132 g for short-chain PFAAs and 109 g for long-chain PFAAs. PFAAs were widely detected in Chinese icefish ( Neosalanx tangkahkeii taihuensis ) collected from Lake Chaohu, with maximal concentrations ranging from 1.79 ng g −1 to 50.9 ng g −1 . The logarithmic bioaccumulation factors of perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA, 3.5), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS, 3.35) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA, 3.31) indicated the bioaccumulation of these long-chain PFAAs. This study is useful for enhancing our understanding of the pollution profiles of PFAAs and their environmental health risk in the freshwater lake.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu Pan & Jing Ye & Hui Zhang & Jun Tang & Dandan Pan, 2019. "Occurrence, Removal and Bioaccumulation of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Lake Chaohu, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-14, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:10:p:1692-:d:231063
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lei Zhang & Qianjiahua Liao & Shiguang Shao & Nan Zhang & Qiushi Shen & Cheng Liu, 2015. "Heavy Metal Pollution, Fractionation, and Potential Ecological Risks in Sediments from Lake Chaohu (Eastern China) and the Surrounding Rivers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-17, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xia Xu & Fengping Wu & Lina Zhang & Xin Gao, 2020. "Assessing the Effect of the Chinese River Chief Policy for Water Pollution Control under Uncertainty—Using Chaohu Lake as a Case," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-26, April.

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