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Spatial Distribution and Contamination Assessment of Surface Heavy Metals off the Western Guangdong Province and Northeastern Hainan Island

Author

Listed:
  • Qian Ge

    (Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
    Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;)

  • Zuo George Xue

    (Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
    Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
    Coastal Studies Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA)

  • Fengyou Chu

    (Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China
    Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China;)

Abstract

Surface sediments collected from the continental shelf off the western Guangdong Province and northeastern Hainan Island are analyzed for selected heavy metals contents including Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, and As to determine spatial distribution, potential ecological risks, and sources. In addition, some of the controlling factors of heavy metals distribution are also discussed. The average heavy metals contents decrease in the order of Zn > Cr > Pb > Cu > As > Cd. The averaged pollution degree, as shown by the index of geo-accumulation ( I geo ), decreases in the order of Zn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd > As. Due to the barrier of islands, the I geo values of Zn, Pb, Cr, Cu, and Cd near the Hailing and Xiachuan Islands are larger than those in other areas. Meanwhile, the I geo value of As near the coastal area off the estuary of Wanquan River is clearly larger than that in other areas. Based on the results of potential ecological risk index, Cd, Cu, and As should be paid more attention for the contamination risk in future. The results of Pearson correlation analysis and principal component analysis indicate that Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, and Cd are mainly from the Pearl River and surrounding small rivers, whereas As originates from the Hainan Island. The grain size is one of the main controlling factors for heavy metals distribution, and the anthropogenic activity also plays an important role.

Suggested Citation

  • Qian Ge & Zuo George Xue & Fengyou Chu, 2018. "Spatial Distribution and Contamination Assessment of Surface Heavy Metals off the Western Guangdong Province and Northeastern Hainan Island," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:9:p:1897-:d:166963
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Fajin Chen & Jing Lin & Bihua Qian & Zhai Wu & Peng Huang & Kai Chen & Tianyao Li & Minggang Cai, 2018. "Geochemical Assessment and Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments in the Eastern Beibu Gulf: A Reflection on the Industrial Development of the South China Coast," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-12, March.
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