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Early Infant Feeding of Formula or Solid Foods and Risk of Childhood Overweight or Obesity in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Region of Australia: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis

Author

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  • Haider Mannan

    (Translational Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW 2560, Australia)

Abstract

In southwestern Sydney the timing of introduction of formula and solids may be associated with risk of childhood overweight or obesity, and this may vary by age at breastfeeding cessation during first year. We included 346 infants from southwestern Sydney using the longitudinal study for Australian children (LSAC), who at baseline were singleton, full term, and normal weight births. The outcome risk of overweight or obesity was measured at every two-year interval of children aged 0 or 1 year at baseline until they reached age 10 or 11, defined by body mass index (BMI) ≥ 85th percentile, using the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention growth charts. Age at introduction to formula or solids was dichotomized at four months. We used mixed effects logistic regression for performing all analyses with and without adjusting for mother’s BMI, age during pregnancy, and social disadvantage index. Missing data were estimated using multivariate normal imputation having 25 imputations. The odds of overweight or obesity were significantly higher among infants introduced to formula or solids at ≤4 months compared to those introduced at >4 months in both unadjusted (odds ratio = 2.3262, p = 0.023) and adjusted (odds ratio = 1.9543, p = 0.0475) analyses. The odds of overweight or obesity when age at formula or solids introduction was held fixed at ≤4 months, increased significantly (odds ratio = 2.0856, p = 0.0215) for children stopping breastfeeding at age ≤4 months compared to >4 months. Thus, increasing the prevalence of breast-feeding without any formula or solids to 4–6 months in southwest Sydney should be a worthwhile public health measure.

Suggested Citation

  • Haider Mannan, 2018. "Early Infant Feeding of Formula or Solid Foods and Risk of Childhood Overweight or Obesity in a Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Region of Australia: A Longitudinal Cohort Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-11, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:8:p:1685-:d:162478
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    Cited by:

    1. Rubén Aragón-Martín & María del Mar Gómez-Sánchez & David Jiménez-Pavón & José Manuel Martínez-Nieto & Mónica Schwarz-Rodríguez & Carmen Segundo-Iglesias & José Pedro Novalbos-Ruiz & María José Santi-, 2021. "A Multimodal Intervention for Prevention of Overweight and Obesity in Schoolchildren. A Protocol Study “PREVIENE-CÁDIZ”," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-19, February.
    2. Felix Akpojene Ogbo & Blessing J. Akombi & Kedir Y. Ahmed & Abdon G. Rwabilimbo & Akorede O. Ogbo & Noel E. Uwaibi & Osita K. Ezeh & Kingsley E. Agho & on behalf of the Global Maternal and Child Healt, 2020. "Breastfeeding in the Community—How Can Partners/Fathers Help? A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-13, January.

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