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Cost and Affordability of Diets Modelled on Current Eating Patterns and on Dietary Guidelines, for New Zealand Total Population, Māori and Pacific Households

Author

Listed:
  • Sally Mackay

    (School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand)

  • Tina Buch

    (The Heart Foundation of New Zealand, Auckland 1051, New Zealand)

  • Stefanie Vandevijvere

    (School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand)

  • Rawinia Goodwin

    (School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand)

  • Erina Korohina

    (Toi Tangata, Auckland 1010, New Zealand)

  • Mafi Funaki-Tahifote

    (The Heart Foundation of New Zealand, Auckland 1051, New Zealand)

  • Amanda Lee

    (The Australian Prevention Partnership Centre, The Sax Institute, Sydney 1240, Australia)

  • Boyd Swinburn

    (School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand)

Abstract

The affordability of diets modelled on the current (less healthy) diet compared to a healthy diet based on Dietary Guidelines was calculated for population groups in New Zealand. Diets using common foods were developed for a household of four for the total population, Māori and Pacific groups. Māori and Pacific nutrition expert panels ensured the diets were appropriate. Each current (less healthy) diet was based on eating patterns identified from national nutrition surveys. Food prices were collected from retail outlets. Only the current diets contained alcohol, takeaways and discretionary foods. The modelled healthy diet was cheaper than the current diet for the total population (3.5% difference) and Pacific households (4.5% difference) and similar in cost for Māori households (0.57% difference). When the diets were equivalent in energy, the healthy diet was more expensive than the current diet for all population groups (by 8.5% to 15.6%). For households on the minimum wage, the diets required 27% to 34% of household income, and if receiving income support, required 41–52% of household income. Expert panels were invaluable in guiding the process for specific populations. Both the modelled healthy and current diets are unaffordable for some households as a considerable portion of income was required to purchase either diet. Policies are required to improve food security by lowering the cost of healthy food or improving household income.

Suggested Citation

  • Sally Mackay & Tina Buch & Stefanie Vandevijvere & Rawinia Goodwin & Erina Korohina & Mafi Funaki-Tahifote & Amanda Lee & Boyd Swinburn, 2018. "Cost and Affordability of Diets Modelled on Current Eating Patterns and on Dietary Guidelines, for New Zealand Total Population, Māori and Pacific Households," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-12, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1255-:d:152215
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Christina Mary Pollard & Sue Booth, 2019. "Addressing Food and Nutrition Security in Developed Countries," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-5, July.
    2. Tiff-Annie Kenny & Matthew Little & Tad Lemieux & P. Joshua Griffin & Sonia D. Wesche & Yoshitaka Ota & Malek Batal & Hing Man Chan & Melanie Lemire, 2020. "The Retail Food Sector and Indigenous Peoples in High-Income Countries: A Systematic Scoping Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-49, November.
    3. Michelle Blumfield & Carlene Starck & Tim Keighley & Peter Petocz & Anna Roesler & Kylie Abbott & Tim Cassettari & Skye Marshall & Flavia Fayet-Moore, 2021. "Diet and Economic Modelling to Improve the Quality and Affordability of the Australian Diet for Low and Medium Socioeconomic Households," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-18, May.
    4. Christina M Pollard & Sue Booth, 2019. "Food Insecurity and Hunger in Rich Countries—It Is Time for Action against Inequality," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-13, May.
    5. Amanda Lee & Meron Lewis, 2018. "Testing the Price of Healthy and Current Diets in Remote Aboriginal Communities to Improve Food Security: Development of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Healthy Diets ASAP (Australian Standa," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Carlene S. Starck & Michelle Blumfield & Tim Keighley & Skye Marshall & Peter Petocz & Elif Inan-Eroglu & Kylie Abbott & Tim Cassettari & Ajmol Ali & Carol Wham & Rozanne Kruger & Geoff Kira & Flavia , 2021. "Nutrient Dense, Low-Cost Foods Can Improve the Affordability and Quality of the New Zealand Diet—A Substitution Modeling Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-22, July.

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