IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v15y2018i6p1215-d151576.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Association between Serum Vitamin Levels and Depression in U.S. Adults 20 Years or Older Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaomin Huang

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    The first three authors contributed equally to this study and they should be regarded as joint first authors.)

  • Yun Fan

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    The first three authors contributed equally to this study and they should be regarded as joint first authors.)

  • Xiumei Han

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    The first three authors contributed equally to this study and they should be regarded as joint first authors.)

  • Zhenyao Huang

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Mingming Yu

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Yan Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Qiaoqiao Xu

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Xiuzhu Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Xinru Wang

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Chuncheng Lu

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

  • Yankai Xia

    (State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China
    Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing 211166, China)

Abstract

Depression is one of the leading causes of disability around the world. Although several studies have been conducted to analyze the association between vitamins and depression, the results have been inconsistent. Based on the database of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (2005–2006), a cross-sectional analysis was conducted to uncover the correlations between serum vitamin concentrations and depression in 2791 participants over 20 years of age. Vitamin concentrations in serum were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a standardized liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) or radioassay kit method. A nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was used to assess depression symptoms. The binary logistic regression model was applied to analyze the association between vitamins and depression. In the whole population, negative associations were discovered between folate concentrations ( p for trend = 0.02), trans -β-carotene ( p for trend = 0.01) and depression, while positive associations were found among vitamin B12 concentrations ( p for trend = 0.008), vitamin A concentrations ( p for trend = 0.01) and depression. In order to evaluate the influence of gender on the pathogenesis of depression of vitamins exposure, we performed gender-stratified analysis. In females, folate concentrations ( p for trend = 0.03) and vitamin B12 concentrations ( p for trend = 0.02) were correlated with depression. In males, no significant association was found between depression and serum vitamin concentrations. The correlation of vitamins with depression deserves further investigation in larger and diverse populations, especially in females.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaomin Huang & Yun Fan & Xiumei Han & Zhenyao Huang & Mingming Yu & Yan Zhang & Qiaoqiao Xu & Xiuzhu Li & Xinru Wang & Chuncheng Lu & Yankai Xia, 2018. "Association between Serum Vitamin Levels and Depression in U.S. Adults 20 Years or Older Based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005–2006," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1215-:d:151576
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/6/1215/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/6/1215/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Kerri Smith, 2014. "Mental health: A world of depression," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7526), pages 180-181, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jing Zhao & Yukari Nagai & Wei Gao & Tao Shen & Youming Fan, 2023. "The Effects of Interior Materials on the Restorativeness of Home Environments," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(14), pages 1-11, July.
    2. Weijie Yu & Yijia Gong & Xiaozhen Lai & Jianping Liu & Hongguo Rong, 2023. "Sleep Duration and Risk of Depression: Empirical Evidence from Chinese Middle-Aged and Older Adults," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-11, March.
    3. Rongtao Jiang & Stephanie Noble & Matthew Rosenblatt & Wei Dai & Jean Ye & Shu Liu & Shile Qi & Vince D. Calhoun & Jing Sui & Dustin Scheinost, 2024. "The brain structure, inflammatory, and genetic mechanisms mediate the association between physical frailty and depression," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    4. Falonn Contreras-Osorio & Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo & Enrique Cerda-Vega & Rodrigo Campos-Jara & Cristian Martínez-Salazar & Rafael E. Reigal & Verónica Morales-Sanchez & Sergio Araya Sierralta & Chris, 2022. "Effects of Physical Exercise on Executive Function in Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-10, November.
    5. Jia Luo & Changfa Tang & Xiaobin Chen & Zhanbing Ren & Honglin Qu & Rong Chen & Zhen Tong, 2020. "Impacts of Aerobic Exercise on Depression-Like Behaviors in Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress Mice and Related Factors in the AMPK/PGC-1α Pathway," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-12, March.
    6. Falonn Contreras-Osorio & Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo & Enrique Cerda-Vega & Rodrigo Campos-Jara & Cristian Martínez-Salazar & Rafael E. Reigal & Antonio Hernández-Mendo & Lara Carneiro & Christian Campo, 2022. "Effects of Physical Exercise on Executive Function in Adults with Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(22), pages 1-22, November.
    7. Xianbing Song & Danlin Li & Jie Hu & Rong Yang & Yuhui Wan & Jun Fang & Shichen Zhang, 2020. "Moderating Role of Health Literacy on the Association between Alexithymia and Depressive Symptoms in Middle School Students," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-9, July.
    8. Xiaoheng Zhang & Guiquan Yan & Qipei Feng & Amar Razzaq & Azhar Abbas, 2022. "Ecological Sustainability and Households’ Wellbeing: Linking Households’ Non-Traditional Fuel Choices with Reduced Depression in Rural China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-15, November.
    9. Won-Tae Cha & Hye-Jin Joo & Yu-Shin Park & Eun-Cheol Park & Soo-Young Kim, 2022. "Depression before and during-COVID-19 by Gender in the Korean Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-12, March.
    10. Ji Nam Park & Mi Ah Han & Jong Park & So Yeon Ryu, 2016. "Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Related Factors in Korean Employees: The Third Korean Working Conditions Survey (2011)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-9, April.
    11. Kieran M. O’Gorman & Michael J. Wilson & Zac E. Seidler & Derek English & Ian T. Zajac & Krista S. Fisher & Simon M. Rice, 2022. "Male-Type Depression Mediates the Relationship between Avoidant Coping and Suicidal Ideation in Men," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(17), pages 1-13, August.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    NHANES; vitamin; depression; vitamin B12; folate;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • B12 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought through 1925 - - - Classical (includes Adam Smith)

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:6:p:1215-:d:151576. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.