IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v15y2018i12p2890-d191173.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Trends in Life Expectancy and Its Association with Economic Factors in the Belt and Road Countries—Evidence from 2000–2014

Author

Listed:
  • Ruhai Bai

    (Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China
    School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

  • Junxiang Wei

    (Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China
    School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

  • Ruopeng An

    (Department of Kinesiology and Community Health, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, IL 61820, USA)

  • Yan Li

    (Center for Health Innovation, The New York Academy of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA
    Department of Population Health Science and Policy, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA)

  • Laura Collett

    (Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK)

  • Shaonong Dang

    (School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

  • Wanyue Dong

    (School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

  • Duolao Wang

    (Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK)

  • Zeping Fang

    (Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China
    School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

  • Yaling Zhao

    (Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China
    School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

  • Youfa Wang

    (Global Health Institute, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China
    School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710061, China)

Abstract

In 2013, China launched the Belt and Road (B&R) Initiative in an effort to promote trade and economic collaboration. This study examined the change in life expectancy (LE) among countries along B&R and studied the impact of economic development on LE. Data from 65 B&R countries from 2000 to 2014 were compiled and analyzed. Trend of LE was examined by sex and country. Linear quantile mixed model was used to study the associations between LE and economic factors. In 2014, the average LE in all B&R countries was 69.7 years for men and 73.7 years for women. Across countries in 2014, LE for men ranged from 58.6 years in Afghanistan to 80.2 years in Israel. LE for women ranged from 61.3 years in Afghanistan to 85.9 in Singapore. GDP per capita was positively associated with longevity across B&R countries. The unemployment rate was positively associated with LE only for countries in the top LE quantiles. GDP growth rate and Inflation were negatively associated with LE for the countries in the bottom LE quantiles for men, not for women. LE increased substantially among B&R countries during 2000–2014. The influence of macroeconomic factors on LE was related to the distribution of LE.

Suggested Citation

  • Ruhai Bai & Junxiang Wei & Ruopeng An & Yan Li & Laura Collett & Shaonong Dang & Wanyue Dong & Duolao Wang & Zeping Fang & Yaling Zhao & Youfa Wang, 2018. "Trends in Life Expectancy and Its Association with Economic Factors in the Belt and Road Countries—Evidence from 2000–2014," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-11, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2890-:d:191173
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2890/pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2890/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Luis Rosero-Bixby, 2008. "The exceptionally high life expectancy of Costa Rican nonagenarians," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 45(3), pages 673-691, August.
    2. Neumayer, E. & Plumper, T., 2016. "Inequalities of income and inequalities of longevity: A cross-country study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(1), pages 160-165.
    3. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10510 is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Geraci, Marco, 2014. "Linear Quantile Mixed Models: The lqmm Package for Laplace Quantile Regression," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 57(i13).
    5. Tapia Granados, José A. & Ionides, Edward L., 2008. "The reversal of the relation between economic growth and health progress: Sweden in the 19th and 20th centuries," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 544-563, May.
    6. Sagar, Ambuj D. & Najam, Adil, 1998. "The human development index: a critical review," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(3), pages 249-264, June.
    7. Leung, Michael C. M. & Zhang, Jie & Zhang, Junsen, 2004. "An economic analysis of life expectancy by gender with application to the United States," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 23(4), pages 737-759, July.
    8. Messias, E., 2003. "Income Inequality, Illiteracy Rate, and Life Expectancy in Brazil," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(8), pages 1294-1296.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hak Yeung & Jürgen Huber, 2023. "China’s Belt and Road Initiative and Life Expectancy in Host Countries: Empirical Analysis," International Advances in Economic Research, Springer;International Atlantic Economic Society, vol. 29(4), pages 225-242, November.
    2. Pedro Antonio Martín Cervantes & Nuria Rueda López & Salvador Cruz Rambaud, 2019. "A Causal Analysis of Life Expectancy at Birth. Evidence from Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Pedro Antonio Martín Cervantes & Nuria Rueda López & Salvador Cruz Rambaud, 2020. "The Relative Importance of Globalization and Public Expenditure on Life Expectancy in Europe: An Approach Based on MARS Methodology," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-20, November.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jeni Klugman & Francisco Rodríguez & Hyung-Jin Choi, 2011. "The HDI 2010: new controversies, old critiques," The Journal of Economic Inequality, Springer;Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, vol. 9(2), pages 249-288, June.
    2. Ainhoa Aparicio, 2014. "Newborn Health and the Business Cycle," CINCH Working Paper Series 1402, Universitaet Duisburg-Essen, Competent in Competition and Health.
    3. Rui Manuel de Sousa Fragoso & Carlos Alberto Falcão Marques, 2012. "Integrated Water Management Using Feasible Goals Method and Interactive Decision Maps: The Case of Odivelas Irrigation," CEFAGE-UE Working Papers 2012_07, University of Evora, CEFAGE-UE (Portugal).
    4. Albino Prada-Blanco & Patricio Sanchez-Fernandez, 2017. "Empirical Analysis of the Transformation of Economic Growth into Social Development at an International Level," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 130(3), pages 983-1003, February.
    5. Christoph Dörffel & Sebastian Schuhmann, 2020. "What is Inclusive Development? Introducing the Multidimensional Inclusiveness Index," Jena Economics Research Papers 2020-015, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
    6. Aleksandra Maksimovska & Aleksandar Stojkov, 2019. "Composite Indicator of Social Responsiveness of Local Governments: An Empirical Mapping of the Networked Community Governance Paradigm," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 144(2), pages 669-706, July.
    7. Chris Tofallis, 2013. "An automatic-democratic approach to weight setting for the new human development index," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 26(4), pages 1325-1345, October.
    8. Robert Stewart & Murshed Chowdhury & Vaalmikki Arjoon, 2021. "Bank stability and economic growth: trade-offs or opportunities?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 827-853, August.
    9. Massimo Buscema & Pier Luigi Sacco & Guido Ferilli, 2016. "Multidimensional Similarities at a Global Scale: An Approach to Mapping Open Society Orientations," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 128(3), pages 1239-1258, September.
    10. Reichmuth, Wolfgang H. & Sarferaz, Samad, 2008. "The influence of the business cycle on mortality," SFB 649 Discussion Papers 2008-059, Humboldt University Berlin, Collaborative Research Center 649: Economic Risk.
    11. Leandro Prados de la Escosura, 2021. "Augmented human development in the age of globalization," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 74(4), pages 946-975, November.
    12. Ülengin, Füsun & Kabak, Özgür & Önsel, Sule & Aktas, Emel & Parker, Barnett R., 2011. "The competitiveness of nations and implications for human development," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 16-27, March.
    13. Francesco Tolu & Mario Palermo & Maria Pina Dore & Alessandra Errigo & Ana Canelada & Michel Poulain & Giovanni Mario Pes, 2019. "Association of endemic goitre and exceptional longevity in Sardinia: evidence from an ecological study," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 405-414, December.
    14. Wen-Yi Chen, 2016. "Health progress and economic growth in the USA: the continuous wavelet analysis," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 50(3), pages 831-855, May.
    15. Seemab Gillani & Muhammad Nouman Shafiq & Tusawar Iftikhar Ahmad, 2019. "Military Expenditures and Health Outcomes: A Global Perspective," iRASD Journal of Energy and Environment, International Research Association for Sustainable Development (iRASD), vol. 1(1), pages 1-20, June.
    16. Elizabeth Stanton, 2007. "The Human Development Index: A History," Working Papers wp127, Political Economy Research Institute, University of Massachusetts at Amherst.
    17. Sulhi Ridzuan, 2024. "Income redistribution and carbon emissions in Portugal," Portuguese Economic Journal, Springer;Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestao, vol. 23(3), pages 421-437, September.
    18. repec:hum:wpaper:sfb649dp2009-015 is not listed on IDEAS
    19. mashkoor, Aasim & ahmed, Ovais, 2015. "Theory of Economic Development (Pyramids of Economic Development)," MPRA Paper 63370, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Martin Gaechter & Peter Schwazer & Engelbert Theurl, 2012. "Stronger Sex but Earlier Death: A Multi-level Socioeconomic Analysis of Gender Differences in Mortality in Austria," DANUBE: Law and Economics Review, European Association Comenius - EACO, issue 1, pages 1-23, March.
    21. Man Liang & Shuwen Niu & Zhen Li & Wenli Qiang, 2019. "International Comparison of Human Development Index Corrected by Greenness and Fairness Indicators and Policy Implications for China," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 142(1), pages 1-24, February.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2890-:d:191173. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.