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Environmental Co-Exposure to Lead and Manganese and Intellectual Deficit in School-Aged Children

Author

Listed:
  • José A. Menezes-Filho

    (Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Chrissie F. Carvalho

    (Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Juliana L. G. Rodrigues

    (Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Cecília F. S. Araújo

    (Environmental and Public Health Program, National School of Public Health, Oswald Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210, Brazil)

  • Nathália R. Dos Santos

    (Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Cássio S. Lima

    (Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Matheus J. Bandeira

    (Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Breno L. de S. Marques

    (Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Ana Laura S. Anjos

    (Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Homegnon A. F. Bah

    (Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Neander Abreu

    (Institute of Psychology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Brazil)

  • Alline Philibert

    (Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur la Biologie, la Santé, la Société et l’Environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec a Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada)

  • Donna Mergler

    (Centre de Recherche Interdisciplinaire sur la Biologie, la Santé, la Société et l’Environnement (CINBIOSE), Université du Québec a Montreal, Montreal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada)

Abstract

Studies have demonstrated that, for urban children, dust represents the main exposure to sources of metals like lead (Pb) and manganese (Mn). We aimed to investigate the exposure to these metals and their association with intellectual deficit in children living in an industrial region. This cross-sectional study recruited volunteers from four elementary schools in the town of Simões Filho, Brazil. We evaluated 225 school-aged children (7–12 years) for blood lead (PbB) and manganese hair (MnH) and toenails (MnTn) by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Child and maternal IQs were estimated using the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale for Intelligence (WASI). Median and range PbB were 1.2 (0.3–15.6) μg/dL. MnH and MnTn medians (ranges) were 0.74 (0.16–8.79) μg/g and 0.85 (0.15–13.30) μg/g, respectively. After adjusting for maternal IQ, age and Mn exposure, child IQ drops by 8.6 points for a 10-fold increase in PbB levels. Moreover, an effect modification of Mn co-exposure was observed. In children with low MnTn, association between Pb and child IQ was not significant (β = −6.780, p = 0.172). However, in those with high MnTn, the association was increased by 27.9% (β = −8.70, p = 0.036). Low Pb exposure is associated with intellectual deficit in children, especially in those with high MnTn.

Suggested Citation

  • José A. Menezes-Filho & Chrissie F. Carvalho & Juliana L. G. Rodrigues & Cecília F. S. Araújo & Nathália R. Dos Santos & Cássio S. Lima & Matheus J. Bandeira & Breno L. de S. Marques & Ana Laura S. An, 2018. "Environmental Co-Exposure to Lead and Manganese and Intellectual Deficit in School-Aged Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:11:p:2418-:d:179501
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Homègnon A. Ferréol Bah & Victor O. Martinez & Nathália R. dos Santos & Erival A. Gomes Junior & Daisy O. Costa & Elis Macêdo Pires & João V. Araújo Santana & Filipe da Silva Cerqueira & José A. Menez, 2023. "Determinants of Exposure to Potentially Toxic Metals in Pregnant Women of the DSAN-12M Cohort in the Recôncavo Baiano, Brazil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(4), pages 1-16, February.
    2. Agostino Di Ciaula & Patrizia Gentilini & Giusy Diella & Marco Lopuzzo & Ruggero Ridolfi, 2020. "Biomonitoring of Metals in Children Living in an Urban Area and Close to Waste Incinerators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-17, March.

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