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Associations of PM 2.5 and Black Carbon with Hospital Emergency Room Visits during Heavy Haze Events: A Case Study in Beijing, China

Author

Listed:
  • Fengchao Liang

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Lin Tian

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Qun Guo

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Dane Westerdahl

    (School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China)

  • Yang Liu

    (Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA)

  • Xiaobin Jin

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Guoxing Li

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

  • Xiaochuan Pan

    (Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China)

Abstract

In January 2013, severe haze events over northeastern China sparked substantial health concerns. This study explores the associations of fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM 2.5 ) and black carbon (BC) with hospital emergency room visits (ERVs) during a haze season in Beijing. During that period, daily counts of ERVs for respiratory, cardiovascular and ocular diseases were obtained from a Level-3A hospital in Beijing from 1 December 2012 to 28 February 2013, and associations of which with PM 2.5 and BC were estimated by time-stratified case-crossover analysis in single- and two-pollutant models. We found a 27.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 13.0, 43.9%) increase in respiratory ERV (lag02), a 19.4% (95% CI: 2.5, 39.0%) increase in cardiovascular ERV (lag0), and a 12.6% (95% CI: 0.0, 26.7%) increase in ocular ERV (lag0) along with an interquartile range (IQR) increase in the PM 2.5 . An IQR increase of BC was associated with 27.6% (95% CI: 9.6, 48.6%) (lag02), 18.8% (95% CI: 1.4, 39.2%) (lag0) and 11.8% (95% CI: −1.4, 26.8%) (lag0) increases for changes in these same health outcomes respectively. Estimated associations were consistent after adjusting SO 2 or NO 2 in two-pollutant models. This study provides evidence that improving air quality and reducing haze days would greatly benefit the population health.

Suggested Citation

  • Fengchao Liang & Lin Tian & Qun Guo & Dane Westerdahl & Yang Liu & Xiaobin Jin & Guoxing Li & Xiaochuan Pan, 2017. "Associations of PM 2.5 and Black Carbon with Hospital Emergency Room Visits during Heavy Haze Events: A Case Study in Beijing, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:7:p:725-:d:103745
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Małgorzata Kowalska & Michał Skrzypek & Michał Kowalski & Josef Cyrys & Niewiadomska Ewa & Elżbieta Czech, 2019. "The Relationship between Daily Concentration of Fine Particulate Matter in Ambient Air and Exacerbation of Respiratory Diseases in Silesian Agglomeration, Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-10, March.
    2. Fangfang Ruan & Xiangang Zeng, 2022. "Health Effects of PM 2.5 Exposure in China from 2004 to 2018: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-15, December.

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