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Congenital Anomalies in Contaminated Sites: A Multisite Study in Italy

Author

Listed:
  • Michele Santoro

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Minichilli

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Anna Pierini

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Gianni Astolfi

    (Registro IMER, Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Chirurgico Specialistiche dell’Università di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy)

  • Lucia Bisceglia

    (Agenzia Regionale Sanitaria della Puglia, 70100 Bari, Italy)

  • Pietro Carbone

    (National Center for Rare Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Susanna Conti

    (Unit of Statistics, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Gabriella Dardanoni

    (Osservatorio Epidemiologico Regionale, Assessorato Salute Regione Siciliana, 90145 Palermo, Italy)

  • Ivano Iavarone

    (Department of Environment and Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy)

  • Paolo Ricci

    (Epidemiological Unit, NHS Mantua, 46100 Mantua, Italy)

  • Gioacchino Scarano

    (Program Director Birth Defects Registry of Campania, UO Genetica Medica, Azienda Ospedaliera G.Rummo, 82100 Benevento, Italy)

  • Fabrizio Bianchi

    (Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Unit of Environmental Epidemiology and Disease Registries, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • RiscRipro_Sentieri Working Group

Abstract

The health impact on populations residing in industrially contaminated sites (CSs) is recognized as a public health concern especially in relation to more vulnerable population subgroups. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of congenital anomalies (CAs) in Italian CSs. Thirteen CSs covered by regional CA registries were investigated in an ecological study. The observed/expected ratios (O/E) with 90% confidence intervals (CI) for the total and specific subgroups of CAs were calculated using the regional areas as references. For the CSs with waste landfills, petrochemicals, and refineries, pooled estimates were calculated. The total number of observed cases of CAs was 7085 out of 288,184 births (prevalence 245.8 per 10,000). For some CSs, excesses for several CA subgroups were observed, in particular for genital and heart defects. The excess of genital CAs observed in Gela (O/E 2.36; 90% CI 1.73–3.15) is consistent with findings from other studies. For CSs including petrochemical and landfills, the pooled risk estimates were 1.10 (90% CI 1.01–1.19) and 1.07 (90% CI 1.02–1.13), respectively. The results are useful in identifying priority areas for analytical investigations and in supporting the promotion of policies for the primary prevention of CAs. The use of short-latency effect indicators is recommended for the health surveillance of the populations residing in CSs.

Suggested Citation

  • Michele Santoro & Fabrizio Minichilli & Anna Pierini & Gianni Astolfi & Lucia Bisceglia & Pietro Carbone & Susanna Conti & Gabriella Dardanoni & Ivano Iavarone & Paolo Ricci & Gioacchino Scarano & Fab, 2017. "Congenital Anomalies in Contaminated Sites: A Multisite Study in Italy," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-10, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:3:p:292-:d:92767
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Esther Kai-Chieh Chen & Denis Zmirou-Navier & Cindy Padilla & Séverine Deguen, 2014. "Effects of Air Pollution on the Risk of Congenital Anomalies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-27, July.
    2. Amalia Mattiello & Paolo Chiodini & Elvira Bianco & Nunzia Forgione & Incoronata Flammia & Ciro Gallo & Renato Pizzuti & Salvatore Panico, 2013. "Health effects associated with the disposal of solid waste in landfills and incinerators in populations living in surrounding areas: a systematic review," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 58(5), pages 725-735, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kristin Shrader-Frechette & Andrew M. Biondo, 2021. "Data-Quality Assessment Signals Toxic-Site Safety Threats and Environmental Injustices," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-17, February.

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