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A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Adults and Children after Earthquakes

Author

Listed:
  • Bihan Tang

    (Department of Health Service, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Qiangyu Deng

    (Department of Health Service, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Deborah Glik

    (Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Junqiang Dong

    (Department of Health Service, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China)

  • Lulu Zhang

    (Department of Health Service, College of Health Service, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China)

Abstract

PTSD is considered the most common negative psychological reactions among survivors following an earthquake. The present study sought to find out the determinants of PTSD in earthquake survivors using a systematic meta-analysis. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycInfo) were used to search for observational studies about PTSD following earthquakes. The literature search, study selection, and data extraction were conducted independently by two authors. 52 articles were included in the study. Summary estimates, subgroup analysis, and publication bias tests were performed on the data. The prevalence of PTSD after earthquakes ranged from 4.10% to 67.07% in adults and from 2.50% to 60.00% in children. For adults, the significant predictors were being female, low education level or socio-economic status, prior trauma; being trapped, experiencing fear, injury, or bereavement during the disaster. For children, the significant predictors were being older age, high education level; being trapped, experiencing fear, injury, or bereavement, witnessing injury/death during the earthquakes. Our study provides implications for the understanding of risk factors for PTSD among earthquake survivors. Post-disaster mental health recovery programs that include early identification, on-going monitoring, and sustained psychosocial support are needed for earthquake survivors.

Suggested Citation

  • Bihan Tang & Qiangyu Deng & Deborah Glik & Junqiang Dong & Lulu Zhang, 2017. "A Meta-Analysis of Risk Factors for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in Adults and Children after Earthquakes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-20, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:12:p:1537-:d:122226
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jin Wen & Ying-kang Shi & You-ping Li & Ping Yuan & Fang Wang, 2012. "Quality of Life, Physical Diseases, and Psychological Impairment among Survivors 3 Years after Wenchuan Earthquake: A Population Based Survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(8), pages 1-7, August.
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    Cited by:

    1. Lauren A. Clay & Ashley D. Ross, 2020. "Factors Associated with Food Insecurity Following Hurricane Harvey in Texas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Lingnan He & Kaisheng Lai & Zhongxuan Lin & Zhihao Ma, 2018. "Media Exposure and General Trust as Predictors of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Ten Years after the 5.12 Wenchuan Earthquake in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-20, October.
    3. Perjan Hashim Taha & Marit Sijbrandij, 2021. "Gender Differences in Traumatic Experiences, PTSD, and Relevant Symptoms among the Iraqi Internally Displaced Persons," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-11, September.
    4. Riccardo Serra & Cristian Borrazzo & Paolo Vassalini & Chiara Di Nicolantonio & Alexia E. Koukopoulos & Cecilia Tosato & Flavio Cherubini & Francesco Alessandri & Giancarlo Ceccarelli & Claudio Maria , 2022. "Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Trajectories the Year after COVID-19 Hospitalization," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-13, July.
    5. Yinyin Dou & Qingxu Huang & Chunyang He & Shiting Meng & Qiang Zhang, 2018. "Rapid Population Growth throughout Asia’s Earthquake-Prone Areas: A Multiscale Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-19, August.

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