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Community-Based Management of Child Malnutrition in Zambia: HIV/AIDS Infection and Other Risk Factors on Child Survival

Author

Listed:
  • Stefania Moramarco

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, Rome 00133, Italy
    Rainbow Project Association Pope John 23rd, 5656 Chinika Road, Ndola 10101, Zambia)

  • Giulia Amerio

    (Rainbow Project Association Pope John 23rd, 5656 Chinika Road, Ndola 10101, Zambia)

  • Clarice Ciarlantini

    (Rainbow Project Association Pope John 23rd, 5656 Chinika Road, Ndola 10101, Zambia)

  • Jean Kasengele Chipoma

    (Ndola District Health Office, 1307 Naidu Close, Ndola 10101, Zambia)

  • Matilda Kakungu Simpungwe

    (Ndola District Health Office, 1307 Naidu Close, Ndola 10101, Zambia)

  • Karin Nielsen-Saines

    (Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA)

  • Leonardo Palombi

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, Rome 00133, Italy)

  • Ersilia Buonomo

    (Department of Biomedicine and Prevention University of Rome Tor Vergata, via Montpellier, Rome 00133, Italy)

Abstract

(1) Background: Supplementary feeding programs (SFPs) are effective in the community-based treatment of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and prevention of severe acute malnutrition (SAM); (2) Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on a sample of 1266 Zambian malnourished children assisted from 2012 to 2014 in the Rainbow Project SFPs. Nutritional status was evaluated according to WHO/Unicef methodology. We performed univariate and multivariate Cox proportional risk regression to identify the main predictors of mortality. In addition, a time-to event analysis was performed to identify predictors of failure and time to cure events; (3) Results: The analysis included 858 malnourished children (19 months ± 9.4; 49.9% males). Program outcomes met international standards with a better performance for MAM compared to SAM. Cox regression identified SAM (3.8; 2.1–6.8), HIV infection (3.1; 1.7–5.5), and WAZ <−3 (3.1; 1.6–5.7) as predictors of death. Time to event showed 80% of children recovered by SAM/MAM at 24 weeks. (4) Conclusions: Preventing deterioration of malnutrition, coupled to early detection of HIV/AIDS with adequate antiretroviral treatment, and extending the duration of feeding supplementation, could be crucial elements for ensuring full recovery and improve child survival in malnourished Zambian children.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefania Moramarco & Giulia Amerio & Clarice Ciarlantini & Jean Kasengele Chipoma & Matilda Kakungu Simpungwe & Karin Nielsen-Saines & Leonardo Palombi & Ersilia Buonomo, 2016. "Community-Based Management of Child Malnutrition in Zambia: HIV/AIDS Infection and Other Risk Factors on Child Survival," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:7:p:666-:d:73233
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    Cited by:

    1. Stefania Moramarco & Giulia Amerio & Jean Kasengele Chipoma & Karin Nielsen-Saines & Leonardo Palombi & Ersilia Buonomo, 2018. "Filling the Gaps for Enhancing the Effectiveness of Community-Based Programs Combining Treatment and Prevention of Child Malnutrition: Results from the Rainbow Project 2015–17 in Zambia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-17, August.

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