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The Use of Carbonaceous Particle Exposure Metrics in Health Impact Calculations

Author

Listed:
  • Henrik Olstrup

    (Atmospheric Science Unit, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Christer Johansson

    (Atmospheric Science Unit, Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry, Stockholm University, 11418 Stockholm, Sweden
    Environment and Health Administration, SLB, Box 8136, 104 20 Stockholm, Sweden)

  • Bertil Forsberg

    (Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden)

Abstract

Combustion-related carbonaceous particles seem to be a better indicator of adverse health effects compared to PM 2.5 and PM 10 . Historical studies are based on black smoke (BS), but more recent studies use absorbance (Abs), black carbon (BC) or elemental carbon (EC) as exposure indicators. To estimate health risks based on BS, we review the literature regarding the relationship between Abs, BS, BC and EC. We also discuss the uncertainties associated with the comparison of relative risks (RRs) based on these conversions. EC is reported to represent a proportion between 5.2% and 27% of BS with a mean value of 12%. Correlations of different metrics at one particular site are higher than when different sites are compared. Comparing all traffic, urban and rural sites, there is no systematic site dependence, indicating that other properties of the particles or errors affect the measurements and obscure the results. It is shown that the estimated daily mortality associated with short-term levels of EC is in the same range as PM 10 , but this is highly dependent on the EC to BS relationship that is used. RRs for all-cause mortality associated with short-term exposure to PM 10 seem to be higher at sites with higher EC concentrations, but more data are needed to verify this.

Suggested Citation

  • Henrik Olstrup & Christer Johansson & Bertil Forsberg, 2016. "The Use of Carbonaceous Particle Exposure Metrics in Health Impact Calculations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:3:p:249-:d:64347
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    Cited by:

    1. David Segersson & Kristina Eneroth & Lars Gidhagen & Christer Johansson & Gunnar Omstedt & Anders Engström Nylén & Bertil Forsberg, 2017. "Health Impact of PM 10 , PM 2.5 and Black Carbon Exposure Due to Different Source Sectors in Stockholm, Gothenburg and Umea, Sweden," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, July.

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