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Urbanization and Mental Health in China: Linking the 2010 Population Census with a Cross-Sectional Survey

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  • Juan Chen

    (Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hum, Kowloon, Hong Kong)

  • Shuo Chen

    (Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Hum, Kowloon, Hong Kong)

  • Pierre F. Landry

    (Global China Studies, New York University Shanghai, 1555 Century Ave, Pudong, Shanghai 200122, China)

Abstract

Along with the rapid urbanization in China, the state of mental health also receives growing attention. Empirical measures, however, have not been developed to assess the impact of urbanization on mental health and the dramatic spatial variations. Innovatively linking the 2010 Chinese Population Census with a 2011 national survey of urban residents, we first assess the impact of urbanization on depressive symptoms measured by the Center of Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) of 1288 survey respondents. We then retrieve county-level characteristics from the 2010 Chinese Population Census that match the individual characteristics in the survey, so as to create a profile of the “average person” for each of the 2869 counties or city districts, and predict a county-specific CES-D score. We use this county-specific CES-D score to compute the CES-D score for the urban population at the prefectural level, and to demonstrate the dramatic spatial variations in urbanization and mental health across China: highly populated cities along the eastern coast such as Shenyang and Shanghai show high CES-D scores, as do cities in western China with high population density and a high proportion of educated ethnic minorities.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Chen & Shuo Chen & Pierre F. Landry, 2015. "Urbanization and Mental Health in China: Linking the 2010 Population Census with a Cross-Sectional Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:8:p:9012-9024:d:53521
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Macintyre, Sally & Ellaway, Anne & Cummins, Steven, 2002. "Place effects on health: how can we conceptualise, operationalise and measure them?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 125-139, July.
    2. Landry, Pierre F. & Shen, Mingming, 2005. "Reaching Migrants in Survey Research: The Use of the Global Positioning System to Reduce Coverage Bias in China," Political Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 13(1), pages 1-22, January.
    3. Chen, Juan & Chen, Shuo & Landry, Pierre F., 2013. "Migration, environmental hazards, and health outcomes in China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 85-95.
    4. Chen, Juan, 2011. "Internal migration and health: Re-examining the healthy migrant phenomenon in China," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(8), pages 1294-1301, April.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Anjing Zhang & Shiyan Zhai & Xiaoxiao Liu & Genxin Song & Yuke Feng, 2022. "Investigating the Association between Streetscapes and Mental Health in Zhanjiang, China: Using Baidu Street View Images and Deep Learning," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(24), pages 1-17, December.
    3. Sheng Nong & Zhuo Chen, 2020. "Whither the roads lead to? Estimating association between urbanization and primary healthcare service use with chinese prefecture-level data in 2014," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(6), pages 1-14, June.
    4. Yijun Shi & Quan Zhu & Lihua Xu & Zhangwei Lu & Yaqi Wu & Xiangbin Wang & Yang Fei & Jinyang Deng, 2020. "Independent or Influential? Spatial-Temporal Features of Coordination Level between Urbanization Quality and Urbanization Scale in China and Its Driving Mechanism," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(5), pages 1-23, March.

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