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Evaluation of the Relationship between the Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Bioluminescence Assay and the Presence of Bacillus anthracis Spores and Vegetative Cells

Author

Listed:
  • Shawn G. Gibbs

    (Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA)

  • Harlan Sayles

    (Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA)

  • Erica M. Colbert

    (Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA)

  • Angela Hewlett

    (Section of Infectious Disease, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA)

  • Oleg Chaika

    (Department of Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA)

  • Philip W. Smith

    (Section of Infectious Disease, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
    Center for Preparedness Education, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
    Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA)

Abstract

Background : The Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay was utilized in laboratory evaluations to determine the presence and concentration of vegetative and spore forms of Bacillus anthracis Sterne 34F2. Methods : Seventeen surfaces from the healthcare environment were selected for evaluation. Surfaces were inoculated with 50 µL of organism suspensions at three concentrations of 10 4 , 10 6 , 10 8 colony forming units per surface (CFU/surface) of B. anthracis . Culture-based methods and ATP based methods were utilized to determine concentrations. Results : When all concentrations were evaluated together, a positive correlation between log-adjusted CFU and Relative Light Units (RLU) for endospores and vegetative cells was established. When concentrations were evaluated separately, a significant correlation was not demonstrated. Conclusions : This study demonstrated a positive correlation for ATP and culture-based methods for the vegetative cells of B. anthracis . When evaluating the endospores and combining both metabolic states, the ATP measurements and CFU recovered did not correspond to the initial concentrations on the evaluated surfaces. The results of our study show that the low ATP signal which does not correlate well to the CFU results would not make the ATP measuring devises effective in confirming contamination residual from a bioterrorist event.

Suggested Citation

  • Shawn G. Gibbs & Harlan Sayles & Erica M. Colbert & Angela Hewlett & Oleg Chaika & Philip W. Smith, 2014. "Evaluation of the Relationship between the Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Bioluminescence Assay and the Presence of Bacillus anthracis Spores and Vegetative Cells," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(6), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:11:y:2014:i:6:p:5708-5719:d:36573
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. S. S. Isukapalli & P. J. Lioy & P. G. Georgopoulos, 2008. "Mechanistic Modeling of Emergency Events: Assessing the Impact of Hypothetical Releases of Anthrax," Risk Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(3), pages 723-740, June.
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