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Socioeconomic Status is Significantly Associated with Dietary Salt Intakes and Blood Pressure in Japanese Workers (J-HOPE Study)

Author

Listed:
  • Koichi Miyaki

    (Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan)

  • Yixuan Song

    (Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan)

  • Setsuko Taneichi

    (Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
    Office for Mental Health Support, Division for Counseling and Support, the University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan)

  • Akizumi Tsutsumi

    (Department of Public Health, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara 252-0373, Japan)

  • Hideki Hashimoto

    (Department of Health Economics and Epidemiology Research, School of Public Health, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan)

  • Norito Kawakami

    (Department of Mental Health, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan)

  • Masaya Takahashi

    (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Nagao 6-21-1, Tama-Ku, Kawasaki 214-8585, Japan)

  • Akihito Shimazu

    (Department of Mental Health, Tokyo University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan)

  • Akiomi Inoue

    (Department of Mental Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan)

  • Sumiko Kurioka

    (Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahata-nishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan)

  • Takuro Shimbo

    (Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Research and Informatics, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Toyama 1-21-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan)

Abstract

The association of socioeconomic status (SES) with nutrients intakes attracts public attention worldwide. In the current study, we examined the associations of SES with dietary salt intake and health outcomes in general Japanese workers (2,266) who participated in this Japanese occupational cohort. SES was assessed by a self-administered questionnaire. Dietary intakes were assessed with a validated, brief, self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ). Multiple linear regression and stratified analysis were used to evaluate the associations of salt intake with the confounding factors. Education levels and household incomes were significantly associated with salt intake, as well as blood pressures ( P < 0.05). After adjusting for age, sex and total energy intake, both years of education and household income significantly affect the salt intake (for education, β = −0.031, P = 0.040; for household income, β = −0.046, P = 0.003). SES factors also affect the risk of hypertension, those subjects with higher levels of education or income had lower risk to become hypertensive (ORs for education was 0.904, P < 0.001; ORs for income was 0.956, P = 0.032). Our results show that SES is an independent determinant of salt intake and blood pressure, in order to lower the risk of hypertension, the efforts to narrow the social status gaps should be considered by the health policy-makers.

Suggested Citation

  • Koichi Miyaki & Yixuan Song & Setsuko Taneichi & Akizumi Tsutsumi & Hideki Hashimoto & Norito Kawakami & Masaya Takahashi & Akihito Shimazu & Akiomi Inoue & Sumiko Kurioka & Takuro Shimbo, 2013. "Socioeconomic Status is Significantly Associated with Dietary Salt Intakes and Blood Pressure in Japanese Workers (J-HOPE Study)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-14, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:10:y:2013:i:3:p:980-993:d:24152
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gerber, A.M. & James, S.A. & Ammerman, A.S. & Keenan, N.L. & Garrett, J.M. & Strogatz, D.S. & Haines, P.S., 1991. "Socioeconomic status and electrolyte intake in Black adults: The Pitt County Study," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 81(12), pages 1608-1612.
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    Cited by:

    1. Wenjie Zhang & Hongdao Meng & Shujuan Yang & Honglin Luo & Danping Liu, 2018. "Changes in Hypertension-Related Knowledge and Behavior and Their Associations with Socioeconomic Status among Recently Urbanized Residents in China: 2013–2016," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Zhensheng Wang & Qingyun Du & Shi Liang & Ke Nie & De-nan Lin & Yan Chen & Jia-jia Li, 2014. "Analysis of the Spatial Variation of Hospitalization Admissions for Hypertension Disease in Shenzhen, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(1), pages 1-21, January.

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