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Collision Avoidance Adaptive Data Rate Algorithm for LoRaWAN

Author

Listed:
  • Rachel Kufakunesu

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa)

  • Gerhard P. Hancke

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
    College for Automation and Artificial Intelligence, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, China)

  • Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz

    (Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
    Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0184, South Africa)

Abstract

Long-Range Wide-Area Network (LoRaWAN) technology offers efficient connectivity for numerous end devices over a wide coverage area in the Internet of Things (IoT) network, enabling the exchange of data over the Internet between even the most minor Internet-connected devices and systems. One of LoRaWAN’s hallmark features is the Adaptive Data Rate (ADR) algorithm. ADR is a resource allocation function which dynamically adjusts the network’s data rate, airtime, and energy dissipation to optimise its performance. The allocation of spreading factors plays a critical function in defining the throughput of the end device and its robustness to interference. However, in practical deployments, LoRaWAN networks experience considerable interference, severely affecting the packet delivery ratio, energy utilisation, and general network performance. To address this, we present a novel ADR framework, SSFIR-ADR, which utilises randomised spreading factor allocation to minimise energy consumption and packet collisions while maintaining optimal network performance. We implement a LoRa network composed of a single gateway that connects loads of end nodes to a network server. In terms of energy use, packet delivery rate, and interference rate (IR), our simulation implementation does better than LoRaWAN’s legacy ADR scheme for a range of application data intervals.

Suggested Citation

  • Rachel Kufakunesu & Gerhard P. Hancke & Adnan M. Abu-Mahfouz, 2024. "Collision Avoidance Adaptive Data Rate Algorithm for LoRaWAN," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-19, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jftint:v:16:y:2024:i:10:p:380-:d:1502301
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Khola Anwar & Taj Rahman & Asim Zeb & Yousaf Saeed & Muhammad Adnan Khan & Inayat Khan & Shafiq Ahmad & Abdelaty Edrees Abdelgawad & Mali Abdollahian, 2021. "Improving the Convergence Period of Adaptive Data Rate in a Long Range Wide Area Network for the Internet of Things Devices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-14, September.
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