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Blockchain and Fog Based Architecture for Internet of Everything in Smart Cities

Author

Listed:
  • Parminder Singh

    (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India)

  • Anand Nayyar

    (Graduate School and International School, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam)

  • Avinash Kaur

    (Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India)

  • Uttam Ghosh

    (Department of Computer Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37235, USA)

Abstract

Fog computing (FC) is used to reduce the energy consumption and latency for the heterogeneous communication approaches in the smart cities’ applications of the Internet of Everything (IoE). Fog computing nodes are connected through wired or wireless medium. The goal of smart city applications is to develop the transaction relationship of real-time response applications. There are various frameworks in real-world to support the IoE in smart-cities but they face the issues like security, platform Independence, multi-application assistance, and resource management. This article is motivated from the Blockchain and Fog computing technologies and presents a secured architecture Blockchain and Fog-based Architecture Network (BFAN) for IoE applications in the smart cities. The proposed architecture secures sensitive data with encryption, authentication, and Blockchain. It assists the System-developers and Architects to deploy the applications in smart city paradigm. The goal of the proposed architecture is to reduce the latency and energy, and ensure improved security features through Blockchain technology. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed architecture performs better than the existing frameworks for smart-cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Parminder Singh & Anand Nayyar & Avinash Kaur & Uttam Ghosh, 2020. "Blockchain and Fog Based Architecture for Internet of Everything in Smart Cities," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-12, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jftint:v:12:y:2020:i:4:p:61-:d:337173
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Manash Kumar Mondal & Riman Mandal & Sourav Banerjee & Utpal Biswas & Jerry Chun-Wei Lin & Osama Alfarraj & Amr Tolba, 2023. "Design and Development of a Fog-Assisted Elephant Corridor over a Railway Track," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Horst Treiblmaier, 2022. "What Is Coming across the Horizon and How Can We Handle It? Bitcoin Scenarios as a Starting Point for Rigorous and Relevant Research," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Baocheng Wang & Zetao Li & Haibin Li, 2020. "Hybrid Consensus Algorithm Based on Modified Proof-of-Probability and DPoS," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-16, July.
    4. Uttam Ghosh & Deepak Tosh & Nawab Muhammad Faseeh Qureshi & Ali Kashif Bashir & Al-Sakib Khan Pathan & Zhaolong Ning, 2022. "Cyber-Physical Systems: Prospects, Challenges and Role in Software-Defined Networking and Blockchains," Future Internet, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-2, December.
    5. Ioannis Vardopoulos & Maria Papoui-Evangelou & Bogdana Nosova & Luca Salvati, 2023. "Smart ‘Tourist Cities’ Revisited: Culture-Led Urban Sustainability and the Global Real Estate Market," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-26, February.

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