Development of Renewable Energy Sources in Poland and Stability of Power Grids—Challenges, Technologies, and Adaptation Strategies

The development of renewable energy sources (RESs) is a key element of the energy policy in Poland and the European Union. The transition to green energy aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance energy security, and decrease dependence on fossil fuels. In Poland, the RES sector, particularly photovoltaics and wind energy, is growing, which is changing the operation of energy generation. However, the increasing share of RESs in the energy mix presents challenges for the stability of the national power grid. This study focuses on renewable energy sources in Poland because the development of RESs is crucial for the country’s energy transition. Poland is striving to achieve its climate goals and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and increasing the share of RESs in the national energy mix is a key element of energy policy. The transition to green energy aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enhance energy security, and support sustainable development in Poland. (1) The aim of this article was to analyze the impact of RES development on power grids in Poland, identify key issues, and review adaptation strategies. (2) Methods such as a literature review and statistical data analysis were used to build scenarios. (3) In Poland, the RES sector is being developed through the application of both national and European policies. The main sources of renewable energy are wind energy and photovoltaics. (4) The introduction of technologies such as energy storage systems, smart grids, and advanced management strategies is a key response to the challenges posed by the development of renewable energy in Poland, particularly in relation to the stability of the power grid.