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Robust Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming Converter-Dominated Grids Using Grey-Box Modelling Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Endalkachew Degarege Almawu

    (Chair of Power Electronics, University of Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Federico Cecati

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Marco Liserre

    (Chair of Power Electronics, University of Kiel, 24148 Kiel, Germany)

Abstract

In recent years, continuous efforts have been made for the modelling and stability analysis of converter-dominated grids. Ensuring stability in converter-dominated grids presents a unique challenge, primarily due to the manufacturers’ intellectual property (IP) protections. Determining the robust stability boundary of a grid incorporating converters from various manufacturers remains an area requiring extensive research. Recently, a grey-box modelling approach for studying interoperability has been proposed in the literature. However, the existing methodology is solely suitable for grid-following converters. This study bridges the gap by proposing a GFM converters model which aligns with the methodology for analysing the interoperability of GFL converters. The model is designed to represent a range of control system implementations across different manufacturers. Using robust control theory, this approach assesses the grid’s stability margin and sensitivity analysis of the control loops under various conditions considering a single GFM converter. The results are validated both analytically and through real-time hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) tests to demonstrate the model accuracy in predicting robust stability margin and sensitivity of the control loops in GFM converter-dominated grids.

Suggested Citation

  • Endalkachew Degarege Almawu & Federico Cecati & Marco Liserre, 2025. "Robust Stability Analysis of Grid-Forming Converter-Dominated Grids Using Grey-Box Modelling Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(3), pages 1-22, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:3:p:587-:d:1577744
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