Torque Ripple and Electromagnetic Vibration Suppression of Fractional Slot Distributed Winding ISG Motors by Rotor Notching and Skewing

Torque ripple and radial electromagnetic (EM) vibration can lead to motor vibration and noise, which are crucial to the motor’s NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) performance. Researchers focus on two main aspects: motor body design and control strategy, employing various methods to optimize the motor and reduce torque ripple and radial EM vibration. Rotor notching and segmented rotor skewing are frequently used techniques. However, determining the optimal notch and skew strategy has been an ongoing challenge for researchers. In this paper, an 8-pole, 36-slot ISG motor is optimized using a combination of Q-axis and magnetic bridge notching (QMC notch) as well as segmented rotor skewing to reduce torque ripple and radial EM vibration. Three skewing strategies—step skew (SS), V-shape skew (VS), and zigzag skew (ZS)—along with four segmentation cases are thoroughly considered. The results show that the QMC notch significantly reduces torque ripple, while skewing designs greatly diminish radial EM vibrations. However, at 14 f e , the EM vibration frequency is close to the motor’s third-order natural frequency, leading to mixed results in vibration reduction using skewing techniques. After a comprehensive analysis of all skewing strategies, four-segment VS and ZS are recommended as the optimal approaches.