Considering Differentiated Pricing Mechanisms for Multiple Power Levels

With the development of supercharging technology, charging stations will face supercharging piles and fast-charging piles coexisting for a long time. The traditional unified service fee pricing model will face the problem of slow-charging vehicles occupying supercharging piles, and the advantages of supercharging facilities cannot be fully utilized. Considering factors such as station revenue, station utilization rate, and user willingness, this paper constructs a differentiated pricing model for multi-power-level charging facilities based on capacity and electricity service fees. It reveals the impact of this pricing model on the economy and user satisfaction of charging stations. In addition, a multi-objective optimization model is constructed and solved by a multi-objective particle swarm method to determine the pricing strategy of different power levels that adapt to the actual situation. The results show that the differentiated pricing mechanism can increase the station revenue by about 10.74% and the station stack power utilization rate by about 7.14%, and user satisfaction is higher, which is better than the conventional pricing mechanism. Therefore, the proposed charging pricing strategy can provide a decision-making reference for charging station operation and planning.