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Key Technologies for the Efficient Development of Thick and Complex Carbonate Reservoirs in the Middle East

Author

Listed:
  • Kaijun Tong

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Juan He

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Peiyuan Chen

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Changyong Li

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Weihua Dai

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Futing Sun

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Yi Tong

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Su Rao

    (CNOOC International Limited, Beijing 100028, China)

  • Jing Wang

    (Laboratory for Petroleum Engineering of the Ministry of Education, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China)

Abstract

In order to enhance the development efficiency of thick and complex carbonate reservoirs in the Middle East, a case study was conducted on M oilfield in Iraq. This study focused on reservoir characterization, injection-production modes, well pattern optimization, and other related topics. As a result, key techniques for the high-efficiency development of thick carbonate reservoirs were established. The research findings include the following: (1) the discovery of hidden “low-velocity” features within the thick gypsum-salt layer, which led to the development of a new seismic velocity model; (2) the differential dissolution of grain-supported limestones is controlled by lithofacies and petrophysical properties, resulting in the occurrence of “porphyritic” phenomena in core sections. The genetic mechanism responsible for reversing petrophysical properties in dolostones is attributed to “big hole filling and small hole preservation” caused by dense brine refluxing; (3) fracture evaluation technology based on anisotropy and dipole shear wave long-distance imaging was developed to address challenges associated with quantitatively assessing micro-fractures; (4) through large-scale three-dimensional physical models and numerical simulations, it was revealed that water–oil displacement mechanisms involving “horizontal breakthrough via hyper-permeability” combined with vertical differentiation due to gravity occur in thick and heterogeneous reservoirs under spatial injection-production modes; (5) a relationship model linking economic profit with well pattern density was established for technical service contracts in the Middle East. Additionally, an innovative stepwise conversion composite well patterns approach was introduced for thick reservoirs to meet production ramp-up requirements while delaying water cut rise; (6) a prediction technology for the oilfield development index, considering asphaltene precipitation, has been successfully developed. These research findings provide robust support for the efficient development of the M oilfield in Iraq, while also serving as a valuable reference for similar reservoirs’ development in the Middle East.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaijun Tong & Juan He & Peiyuan Chen & Changyong Li & Weihua Dai & Futing Sun & Yi Tong & Su Rao & Jing Wang, 2024. "Key Technologies for the Efficient Development of Thick and Complex Carbonate Reservoirs in the Middle East," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-20, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:18:p:4566-:d:1476466
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lixin Chen & Zhenxue Jiang & Chong Sun & Bingshan Ma & Zhou Su & Xiaoguo Wan & Jianfa Han & Guanghui Wu, 2023. "An Overview of the Differential Carbonate Reservoir Characteristic and Exploitation Challenge in the Tarim Basin (NW China)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-14, July.
    2. Fengfeng Li & Lei Li & Jiaheng Chen, 2023. "Characteristics of High Flow Zones and a Balanced Development Strategy of a Thick Bioclastic Limestone Reservoir in the Mishrif Formation in X Oilfield, Iraq," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-15, February.
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    1. Bo Liu & Fengying Yang & Guangzhi Zhang & Longfei Zhao, 2024. "Pre-Stack Fracture Prediction in an Unconventional Carbonate Reservoir: A Case Study of the M Oilfield in Tarim Basin, NW China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-20, April.

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