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A Nonlinear Wind Turbine Wake Expansion Model Considering Atmospheric Stability and Ground Effects

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  • Xingxing Han

    (College of Renewable Energy, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China
    Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Wind Turbine Design, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China)

  • Tongguang Wang

    (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Hi-Tech Research for Wind Turbine Design, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China)

  • Xiandong Ma

    (School of Engineering, Lancaster University, Lancaster LA1 4YW, UK)

  • Chang Xu

    (College of Renewable Energy, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China)

  • Shifeng Fu

    (College of Electrical Energy and Power Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, China)

  • Jinmeng Zhang

    (College of Renewable Energy, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China)

  • Feifei Xue

    (College of Renewable Energy, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China)

  • Zhe Cheng

    (College of Renewable Energy, Hohai University, Changzhou 213200, China)

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of atmospheric stability and ground effects on wind turbine wake recovery, challenging the conventional linear relationship between turbulence intensity and wake expansion coefficient. Through comprehensive field measurements and numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the linear wake expansion assumption is invalid at far-wake locations under high turbulence conditions, primarily due to ground effects. We propose a novel nonlinear wake expansion model that incorporates both atmospheric stability and ground effects by introducing a logarithmic relationship between the wake expansion coefficient and turbulence intensity. Validation results reveal the superior prediction accuracy of the proposed model compared to typical engineering wake models, with root mean square errors of wake wind speed predictions ranging from 0.04 to 0.063. The proposed model offers significant potential for optimizing wind farm layouts and enhancing overall wind energy production efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Xingxing Han & Tongguang Wang & Xiandong Ma & Chang Xu & Shifeng Fu & Jinmeng Zhang & Feifei Xue & Zhe Cheng, 2024. "A Nonlinear Wind Turbine Wake Expansion Model Considering Atmospheric Stability and Ground Effects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-24, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:17:y:2024:i:17:p:4503-:d:1473870
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dou, Bingzheng & Guala, Michele & Lei, Liping & Zeng, Pan, 2019. "Wake model for horizontal-axis wind and hydrokinetic turbines in yawed conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 1383-1395.
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    3. Gao, Xiaoxia & Li, Bingbing & Wang, Tengyuan & Sun, Haiying & Yang, Hongxing & Li, Yonghua & Wang, Yu & Zhao, Fei, 2020. "Investigation and validation of 3D wake model for horizontal-axis wind turbines based on filed measurements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    4. Han, Xingxing & Liu, Deyou & Xu, Chang & Shen, Wen Zhong, 2018. "Atmospheric stability and topography effects on wind turbine performance and wake properties in complex terrain," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 640-651.
    5. Cheng, Yu & Zhang, Mingming & Zhang, Ziliang & Xu, Jianzhong, 2019. "A new analytical model for wind turbine wakes based on Monin-Obukhov similarity theory," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 96-106.
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