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Control Methods for Levitation System of EMS-Type Maglev Vehicles: An Overview

Author

Listed:
  • Fengxing Li

    (Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Yougang Sun

    (Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    National Maglev Transportation Engineering R&D Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Junqi Xu

    (National Maglev Transportation Engineering R&D Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Zhenyu He

    (Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

  • Guobin Lin

    (Institute of Rail Transit, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China
    National Maglev Transportation Engineering R&D Center, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China)

Abstract

As new advanced vehicles, electromagnetic suspension (EMS)-type maglev trains have received wide attention because of their advantages such as high speed, no mechanical friction, low noise, low cost and energy consumption, strong climbing ability, and green environmental protection. The open-loop instability is one of the key points and difficulties for the levitation control systems of maglev trains. The closed-loop feedback control method must be applied to realize stable levitation. However, there are currently many levitation control methods just in theory. Considering their advantages and disadvantages, it is a major demand for maglev trains to select efficient, stable, applicable, and cost-saving methods to improve their dynamic performance and safety, which motivated this review. First, the current status of research on maglev trains is introduced in this paper, including types, system components, and research modes in various countries, followed by an analysis of the levitation control methods for EMS-type maglev trains. Then, the technical characteristics of the levitation control systems are described according to the basic principles of levitation systems, model building, mathematical derivation, and control objectives. Next, three kinds of typical levitation control methods are reviewed, namely, linear state feedback methods, nonlinear control methods, and intelligent control methods, according to their improvements and applications. Lastly, we summarize and evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the three methods, and future developments of levitation control are suggested.

Suggested Citation

  • Fengxing Li & Yougang Sun & Junqi Xu & Zhenyu He & Guobin Lin, 2023. "Control Methods for Levitation System of EMS-Type Maglev Vehicles: An Overview," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-26, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:7:p:2995-:d:1106961
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aming Hao & Xiaolong Li & Longhua She, 2013. "Adaptive Control of Electromagnetic Suspension System by HOPF Bifurcation," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2013, pages 1-5, November.
    2. Rahul Sanmugam Gopi & Soundarya Srinivasan & Kavitha Panneerselvam & Yuvaraja Teekaraman & Ramya Kuppusamy & Shabana Urooj, 2021. "Enhanced Model Reference Adaptive Control Scheme for Tracking Control of Magnetic Levitation System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-13, March.
    3. Sang-Young Oh & Ho-Lim Choi, 2018. "Robust approximate feedback linearisation control for nonlinear systems with uncertain parameters and external disturbance: its application to an electromagnetic levitation system," International Journal of Systems Science, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 49(12), pages 2695-2703, September.
    4. Junxiong Hu & Weihua Ma & Xiaohao Chen & Shihui Luo, 2020. "Levitation Stability and Hopf Bifurcation of EMS Maglev Trains," Mathematical Problems in Engineering, Hindawi, vol. 2020, pages 1-12, April.
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