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A Review and Analysis of Green Energy and the Environmental Policies in South Asia

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  • Hassan Qudrat-Ullah

    (School of Administrative Studies, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M9V 3K7, Canada)

Abstract

This paper explores the challenges and opportunities for green energy and environment transition in South Asia, a region that faces the dilemma of meeting its growing energy demand while reducing its greenhouse gas emissions and environmental vulnerability. The region has rich renewable energy sources and potential for energy efficiency improvement, but it also relies heavily on fossil fuels and suffers from various barriers and constraints that hinder its green energy development. The region needs policies that can achieve economic growth, social welfare, and environmental sustainability coherently and effectively. Utilizing the thematic literature review approach, this paper examines the literature on four main topics: (1) the estimation of green energy resources potential and scenarios in South Asia; (2) the comparison of green energy targets and policies in the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) countries; (3) the evaluation of green energy deployment and performance in different sectors; and (4) the identification of green energy transition challenges and opportunities in South Asia. This paper fills some research gaps in the literature by providing a comprehensive, comparative, holistic, and integrated analysis of green energy and environment policies in South Asia, using various data sources, methods, frameworks, criteria, indicators, scenarios, impacts, trade-offs, drivers, barriers, best practices, lessons learned, and policy recommendations. This paper also develops a conceptual model for the green energy transition in South Asia, which consists of five key variables: green energy potential, green energy policies, green energy deployment, green energy performance, and green energy transition. The main findings and implications of this paper are that South Asia has a huge opportunity to pursue a green energy and environment transition that can address its multiple challenges and aspirations, but this requires overcoming various obstacles and constraints that hinder its progress. This paper suggests some policy options and strategies to enhance the green energy and environment policies in South Asia, such as developing a clear and consistent policy framework, enhancing regional cooperation and collaboration, leveraging information technology and data analytics, emphasizing sustainability and resilience, and engaging with other stakeholders and partners.

Suggested Citation

  • Hassan Qudrat-Ullah, 2023. "A Review and Analysis of Green Energy and the Environmental Policies in South Asia," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(22), pages 1-17, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:22:p:7486-:d:1276039
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hassan Qudrat-Ullah & Muhammad Ashiq & Naveed Subhani, 2018. "How to make better energy policy decisions? The stock and flow perspective," International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 14(2/3), pages 250-275.
    2. Jiang, Tangyang & Cao, Chi & Lei, Leyuan & Hou, Jie & Yu, Yang & Jahanger, Atif, 2023. "Temporal and spatial patterns, efficiency losses and impact factors of energy mismatch in China under environmental constraints," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    3. Palit, Debajit & Sovacool, Benjamin K. & Cooper, Christopher & Zoppo, David & Eidsness, Jay & Crafton, Meredith & Johnson, Katie & Clarke, Shannon, 2013. "The trials and tribulations of the Village Energy Security Programme (VESP) in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 407-417.
    4. Shahiduzzaman, Md. & Alam, Khorshed, 2014. "The long-run impact of Information and Communication Technology on economic output: The case of Australia," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(7), pages 623-633.
    5. Hassan Qudrat-Ullah & Chinedu Miracle Nevo, 2022. "Analysis of the Dynamic Relationships among Renewable Energy Consumption, Economic Growth, Financial Development, and Carbon Dioxide Emission in Five Sub-Saharan African Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-19, August.
    6. Qudrat-Ullah, Hassan & Kayal, Aymen & Mugumya, Andrew, 2021. "Cost-effective energy billing mechanisms for small and medium-scale industrial customers in Uganda," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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