Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of Graphene-Based Comb Polymer Viscosity Reducer

The high viscosity of heavy oil makes it difficult to realize its economic value. Therefore, improving the fluidity of heavy oil can effectively improve the economic benefit of the development of heavy oil resources. Oil-soluble viscosity reducers can utilize functional groups in monomers to break up asphaltene aggregates to improve the flow of crude oil. Graphene can be used to insert and split asphaltene aggregates through sliding phenomena and π–π interaction with colloidal asphaltene, thereby improving the fluidity of heavy oil. In this study, a graphene nanocomposite viscosity reducer was synthesized from lipophilic-modified graphene and a polymer viscosity reducer. The net viscosity reduction rate reached 80.0% at 400 ppm. Compared with a polymer viscosity reducer, the viscosity reduction effect of a graphene nanocomposite viscosity reducer was improved by about 7%. Structural characterization of a graphene nanocomposite viscosity reducer was characterized with infrared spectroscopy and a thermogravimetric test. The mechanism of a graphene nanocomposite viscosity reducer splitting asphaltene aggregates was verified with scanning electron microscopy. This study provides a theoretical and practical basis for the research and development of a novel nanocomposite viscosity reducer.