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Power Electronics Converters for the Internet of Energy: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Samuele Granata

    (Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Marco Di Benedetto

    (Department of Engineering, ROMA TRE University, 00146 Rome, Italy)

  • Cristina Terlizzi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Riccardo Leuzzi

    (Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Stefano Bifaretti

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Tor Vergata University of Rome, 00133 Rome, Italy)

  • Pericle Zanchetta

    (Department of Electrical, Computer and Biomedical Engineering, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
    Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK)

Abstract

This paper presents a comprehensive review of multi-port power electronics converters used for application in AC, DC, or hybrid distribution systems in an Internet of Energy scenario. In particular, multi-port solid-state transformer (SST) topologies have been addressed and classified according to their isolation capabilities and their conversion stages configurations. Non-conventional configurations have been considered. A comparison of the most relevant features and design specifications between popular topologies has been provided through a comprehensive and effective table. Potential benefits of SSTs in distribution applications have been highlighted even with reference to a network active nodes usage. This review also highlights standards and technical regulations in force for connecting SSTs to the electrical distribution system. Finally, two case studies of multi-port topologies have been presented and discussed. The first one is an isolated multi-port bidirectional dual active bridge DC-DC converter useful in fast-charging applications. The second case of study deals with a three-port AC-AC multi-level power converter in H-Bridge configuration able to replicate a network active node and capable of routing and controlling energy under different operating conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuele Granata & Marco Di Benedetto & Cristina Terlizzi & Riccardo Leuzzi & Stefano Bifaretti & Pericle Zanchetta, 2022. "Power Electronics Converters for the Internet of Energy: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-33, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:7:p:2604-:d:786011
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stefano Bifaretti & Vincenzo Bonaiuto & Sabino Pipolo & Cristina Terlizzi & Pericle Zanchetta & Francesco Gallinelli & Silvio Alessandroni, 2021. "Power Flow Management by Active Nodes: A Case Study in Real Operating Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-16, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Bojun Kong & Jian Zhu & Shengbo Wang & Xingmin Xu & Xiaokuan Jin & Junjie Yin & Jianhua Wang, 2023. "Comparative Study of the Transmission Capacity of Grid-Forming Converters and Grid-Following Converters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-13, March.

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