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Enhanced Energy Savings with Adaptive Watchful Sleep Mode for Next Generation Passive Optical Network

Author

Listed:
  • Rizwan Aslam Butt

    (Department of Telecommunications Engineering, NED University of Engineering, Karachi 75220, Pakistan)

  • Adnan Akhunzada

    (Faculty of Computing and Informatics, University Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu 88400, Malaysia)

  • Muhammad Faheem

    (Department of Computer Engineering, Abdullah Gul University, Kayseri 38080, Turkey)

  • Basit Raza

    (Department of Computer Science, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Islamabad 45550, Pakistan)

Abstract

A single watchful sleep mode (WSM) combines the features of both cyclic sleep mode (CSM) and cyclic doze mode (CDM) in a single process by periodically turning ON and OFF the optical receiver (RX) of the optical network terminal (ONT) in a symmetric manner. This results in almost the same energy savings for the ONTs as achieved by the CSM process while significantly reducing the upstream delays. However, in this study we argue that the periodic ON and OFF periods of the ONT RX is not an energy efficient approach, as it reduces the ONT Asleep (AS) state time. Instead, this study proposes an adaptive watchful sleep mode (AWSM) in which the RX ON time of ONT is minimized during ONT Watch state by choosing it according to the length of the traffic queue of the type 1 (T1) traffic class. The performance of AWSM is compared with standard WSM and CSM schemes. The investigation reveals that by minimizing the RX ON time, the AWSM scheme achieves up to 71% average energy saving per ONT at low traffic loads. The comparative study results show that the ONT energy savings achieved by AWSM are 9% higher than the symmetric WSM with almost the same delay and delay variance performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Rizwan Aslam Butt & Adnan Akhunzada & Muhammad Faheem & Basit Raza, 2022. "Enhanced Energy Savings with Adaptive Watchful Sleep Mode for Next Generation Passive Optical Network," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-17, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:5:p:1639-:d:756054
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dinh-Thuan Do & Tu-Trinh Thi Nguyen, 2019. "Impacts of imperfect SIC and imperfect hardware in performance analysis on AF non-orthogonal multiple access network," Telecommunication Systems: Modelling, Analysis, Design and Management, Springer, vol. 72(4), pages 579-593, December.
    2. Baohui Shi & Yuexia Zhang, 2021. "A Novel Algorithm to Optimize the Energy Consumption Using IoT and Based on Ant Colony Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, March.
    3. Hamzeh Khalili & David Rincón & Sebastià Sallent & José Ramón Piney, 2020. "An Energy-Efficient Distributed Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm for Passive Optical Access Networks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-20, March.
    4. Tadeu F. Oliveira & Samuel Xavier-de-Souza & Luiz F. Silveira, 2021. "Improving Energy Efficiency on SDN Control-Plane Using Multi-Core Controllers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-20, May.
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