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Toward Quantum Secured Distributed Energy Resources: Adoption of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)

Author

Listed:
  • Jongmin Ahn

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea)

  • Hee-Yong Kwon

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea)

  • Bohyun Ahn

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 192, 700 University Blvd, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA)

  • Kyuchan Park

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea)

  • Taesic Kim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Texas A&M University-Kingsville, MSC 192, 700 University Blvd, Kingsville, TX 78363, USA)

  • Mun-Kyu Lee

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea)

  • Jinsan Kim

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea)

  • Jaehak Chung

    (Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Incheon, INHA University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-gu, Incheon 22212, Korea)

Abstract

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology that affects modern cryptography and security systems including distributed energy resources (DERs) systems. Since the new quantum era is coming soon in 5–10 years, it is crucial to prepare and develop quantum-safe DER systems. This paper provides a comprehensive review of vulnerabilities caused by quantum computing attacks, potential defense strategies, and remaining challenges for DER networks. First, new security vulnerabilities and attack models of the cyber-physical DER systems caused by quantum computing attacks are explored. Moreover, this paper introduces potential quantum attack defense strategies including Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) and Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC), which can be applied to DER networks and evaluates defense strategies. Finally, remaining research opportunities and challenges for next-generation quantum-safe DER are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Jongmin Ahn & Hee-Yong Kwon & Bohyun Ahn & Kyuchan Park & Taesic Kim & Mun-Kyu Lee & Jinsan Kim & Jaehak Chung, 2022. "Toward Quantum Secured Distributed Energy Resources: Adoption of Post-Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:3:p:714-:d:728264
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